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Remaking Participation in Science and Democracy

机译：重新参与科学与民主

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摘要

Over the past few decades, significant advances have been made in public engagement with, and the democratization of, science and technology. Despite notable successes, such developments have often struggled to enhance public trust, avert crises of expertise and democracy, and build more socially responsive and responsible science and innovation. A central reason for this is that mainstream approaches to public engagement harbor what we call "residual realist" assumptions about participation and publics. Recent coproductionist accounts in science and technology studies (STS) offer an alternative way of seeing participation as coproduced, relational, diverse, and emergent but have been somewhat reluctant to articulate what this means in practice. In this paper, we make this move by setting out a new framework of interrelating paths and associated criteria for remaking public participation with science and democracy in more experimental, reflexive, anticipatory, and responsible ways. This framework comprises four paths to: forge reflexive participatory practices that attend to their framings, emergence, uncertainties, and effects; ecologize participation through attending to the interrelations between diverse public engagements in wider systems; catalyze practices of anticipatory reflection to bring about responsible democratic innovations; and reconstitute participation as constitutive of (not separate from) systems of technoscience and democracy.
机译：在过去的几十年中，公众对科学技术的参与和民主化取得了重大进展。尽管取得了显著成就，但这种事态发展常常难以提高公众的信任度，避免专业知识和民主危机，并建立起更具社会责任感和负责任的科学与创新。造成这种情况的主要原因是，公众参与的主流方法包含了我们所谓的关于参与和公众的“残留现实主义者”假设。最近在科学技术研究（STS）中的共同生产主义者的陈述提供了一种将参与视为共同生产，关系，多样化和新兴的参与的替代方式，但是在某种程度上不愿阐明这在实践中意味着什么。在本文中，我们通过建立一个相互关联的路径和相关标准的新框架来采取这种行动，以更实验性，反思性，预期性和负责任的方式使公众与科学和民主相结合。该框架包括四条途径：建立反思性参与式实践，关注其框架，出现，不确定性和影响;通过关注更广泛系统中各种公众参与之间的相互关系来使参与生态化;促进前瞻性反思的做法，以实现负责任的民主创新;并将参与重新构成技术科学和民主制度的组成部分（而不是独立于其他部分）。

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