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首页> 外文期刊>Science, Technology and Human Values >Snow White and the Wicked Problems of the West: A Look at the Lines between Empirical Description and Normative Prescription
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Snow White and the Wicked Problems of the West: A Look at the Lines between Empirical Description and Normative Prescription

机译：《白雪公主与西方的邪恶问题》：经验描述与规范性处方之间的界线

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摘要

This article discusses the relationship between the origins of the concept of post-normal science, its potential as a heuristic and the phenomenon of complex science entailed policy problems in late industrial societies (wicked problems of the West). Drawing on arguments presented in the early works of Funtowicz and Ravetz, it is proposed that there is a fundamentally empirical character to the post-normal science call for democratizing expertise, which serves as an antidote to late industrial poisoning of the fairy tale ideal (Snow White) of a clean divide between science and politics. Post-normal science extended-peer-review methodology is interpreted as a response to a crisis in the governance of science. Rather than viewing extended-peer-review processes as products of the post-normal science discourse, here the post-normal science discourse is understood to provide a heuristic lens through which existing complex science/society collaborations and conflicts can be better understood. Two different post-normal science situations—management of mega-contamination in Bitterfeld, Germany, and eviction of the Parakuiyo Maasai from the eastern wetlands of the Usangu plains of Tanzania—are presented and the implications of their de facto extended-peer-review structures are discussed, to illustrate this heuristic potential.
机译：本文讨论了后常态科学概念的起源，作为启发式技术的潜力和复杂科学现象之间的关系，这种现象在晚期工业社会中引起政策问题（西方的邪恶问题）。借鉴Funtowicz和Ravetz早期作品中提出的论点，有人提出，从正常后科学到民主化专业知识的呼吁具有根本的经验性特征，这是对童话理想的后期工业毒化的解毒剂（雪白色）科学与政治之间的界限分明。普通后科学扩展同行评审方法被解释为对科学治理危机的回应。不是将扩展的同行评审过程视为普通后科学话语的产物，而是理解普通后科学话语是一种启发式的视角，通过它可以更好地理解现有复杂的科学/社会合作与冲突。提出了两种不同的常态后科学情况-管理德国比特费尔德的特大污染，以及从坦桑尼亚的乌桑古平原东部湿地驱逐Parakuiyo Maasai-以及它们事实上的扩展同行评审结构的含义进行了讨论，以说明这种启发式潜力。

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