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Contradictions in the Last Mile: Suicide Culture and E-Agriculture in Rural India

机译：最后一英里的矛盾：印度农村的自杀文化和电子农业

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摘要

Despite its use to exemplify how the world is "flat," India is in many ways "spiky." Hyderabad is a prosperous hub of information-communication technology (ICT) while its impoverished agricultural hinterland is best known for dysfunctional agriculture and farmer suicide. Based on the belief that a lack of knowledge and skill lay at the root of agrarian distress, the "e-Sagu" project aimed to leverage the city's scientific expertise and ICT capability to aid cotton farmers. The project fit with a national surge of "last mile" projects bringing ICT to the village, but it was unique in using ICT to connect farmers directly with agricultural scientists acting as advisors. Such projects fit the interests of many actors, which has led to an unrealistic national enthusiasm about their impacts. This article uses the first five years of the project as a lens to view the cultural nature of both indigenous agricultural knowledge and "scientific" agricultural advising. Unlike lay publics whose uptake of science is better known, with farmers the invention and adoption of agro-scientific knowledge is deeply embedded in daily productive activities and sociocultural interactions. E-Sagu eventually had to abandon its construction of agricultural science as objective and acultural, resorting to rural methods of persuasion. It also found that it could only survive by joining forces with companies promoting commodification of agricultural inputs, which was a cause of the agrarian distress it sought to alleviate.
机译：尽管使用印度来举例说明世界是如何“平坦”的，但印度在许多方面还是“尖锐的”。海得拉巴是繁荣的信息通讯技术（ICT）中心，而贫困的农业腹地则以功能失调的农业和农民自杀而闻名。基于认为缺乏知识和技能是造成农业困境的根源，“ e-Sagu”项目旨在利用该市的科学专业知识和ICT能力来帮助棉农。该项目与将ICT引入乡村的“最后一英里”项目激增相吻合，但在使用ICT直接将农民与充当顾问的农业科学家联系起来方面，它是独一无二的。这些项目符合许多行为者的利益，这导致了各国对其影响的不切实际的热情。本文以该项目的前五年为视角，探讨了本地农业知识和“科学”农业建议的文化本质。与普通公众对科学的了解不同，农民对农业科学知识的发明和采用被深深植根于日常生产活动和社会文化互动中。 E-Sagu最终不得不放弃农业的科学和客观文化建设，转而采用农村的说服方法。它还发现，只有与促进农业投入商品化的公司合作才能生存，这是它试图缓解的农业困境的原因。

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