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首页> 外文期刊>The Science of the Total Environment >Bioavailability of trace metals and rare earth elements (REE) from the tropical soils of a coal mining area
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Bioavailability of trace metals and rare earth elements (REE) from the tropical soils of a coal mining area

机译：煤炭开采区热带土壤中微量金属和稀土元素（REE）的生物利用度

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摘要

In order to assess the environmental risks related to mining activities in Southern Brazil, the transfer of trace metals and rare earth elements (REE) from soils to soybeans was evaluated in a U-rich area associated with coal mining. In some samples. As, Ba, Co, Cu and Ni were higher than the guidelines proposed by the Brazilian environmental agency. Soil, coal, ash, tailings and soybean were systematically sampled so that the chemical fractionation/speciation of the elements could be related to their bioavailability. In addition to total concentrations quantified by ICP-MS after microwave digestion, elemental measurements were made following different evaluations of the bioavailable metal, including chemical extractions (10 mM Ca(NO_3)_2 and 3-step sequential extraction), diffusive gradient in thin films technique (DGT) and chemical modeling (WHAM-free ion). Lower pH and higher clay and organic matter content were reflected by higher metal assimilation by the plants, especially by the roots and leaves. The bioac-cumulation factor (BF) was generally higher for the leaves (e.g. Cu, Mn, Sr, Zn, Ba, REE with exception of Tm and Yb) and roots (e.g. Cd, Th and U). The results revealed that for Ba, Cd, Sr, Pb, U and most of the REE, the free ion concentration was strongly correlated with the metal content in the plants, especially for the grains. Values obtained by DGT were also correlated with the bioavailable portion of Ba, Mn, Sr, Zn, Pb, U and REE. Measurements obtained from Ca extractions correlated well with the bioavailable metals for Ba, Cd, Sr, Rb, Pb and Th. The free or extractable metal fractions gave much better correlations of the bioavailable fractions than did the total metal concentrations from the soils, especially for the REE. The paper validates some simplified means of estimating the risks associated with metals and REE in tropical soils affected by mining activities.
机译：为了评估与巴西南部采矿活动相关的环境风险，在与煤炭开采相关的富铀地区，评估了土壤中微量金属和稀土元素（REE）向大豆的转移。在一些样品中。 As，Ba，Co，Cu和Ni高于巴西环保局提出的指导方针。对土壤，煤，灰分，尾矿和大豆进行了系统采样，以便元素的化学分馏/形态可能与其生物利用度有关。除了微波消解后通过ICP-MS定量测定的总浓度外，还对生物有效性金属进行了不同的评估，包括化学提取（10 mM Ca（NO_3）_2和3步连续提取），薄膜中的扩散梯度等元素测量。技术（DGT）和化学建模（无WHAM离子）。植物，尤其是根和叶对金属的同化程度较高，反映出较低的pH值和较高的粘土和有机质含量。叶片（例如Tm和Yb除外）（例如Cu，Mn，Sr，Zn，Ba，REE）和根部（例如Cd，Th和U）的生物累积因子（BF）通常较高。结果表明，对于Ba，Cd，Sr，Pb，U和大多数REE，游离离子浓度与植物中的金属含量密切相关，尤其是对于谷物。通过DGT获得的值还与Ba，Mn，Sr，Zn，Pb，U和REE的生物利用度相关。从Ca提取物中获得的测量值与Ba，Cd，Sr，Rb，Pb和Th的可生物利用金属高度相关。与土壤中总金属浓度相比，游离金属或可萃取金属组分与生物利用组分的相关性要好得多，尤其是对于稀土元素而言。本文验证了一些简化的方法来估算受采矿活动影响的热带土壤中与金属和稀土元素相关的风险。

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