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首页> 外文期刊>The Science of the Total Environment >The influence of acoustical and non-acoustical factors on short-term annoyance due to aircraft noise in the field - The COSMA study
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The influence of acoustical and non-acoustical factors on short-term annoyance due to aircraft noise in the field - The COSMA study

机译：声学和非声学因素对飞机噪声的短期烦恼的影响-COSMA研究

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Background: Air traffic has increased for the past decades and is forecasted to continue to grow. Noise due to current airport operations can impair the physical and psychological well-being of airport residents. Objectives: The field study investigated aircraft noise-induced short-term (i.e., within hourly intervals) annoyance in local residents near a busy airport. We aimed at examining the contribution of acoustical and non-acoustical factors to the annoyance rating. Methods: Across four days from getting up till going to bed, 55 residents near Cologne/Bonn Airport (M = 46 years, SO = 14 years, 34 female) rated their annoyance due to aircraft noise at hourly intervals. For each participant and each hour, 26 noise metrics from outdoor measurements and further 6 individualized metrics that took into account the sound attenuation due to each person's whereabouts in and around their homes were obtained. Non-acoustical variables were differentiated into situational factors (time of day, performed activity during past hour, day of the week) and personal factors (e.g., sensitivity to noise, attitudes, domestic noise insulation). Generalized Estimation Equations were applied for the development of a prediction model for annoyance. Results: Acoustical factors explained only a small proportion (13.7%) of the variance in the annoyance ratings. The number of fly-overs predicted annoyance better than did equivalent and maximum sound pressure levels. The proportion of explained variance in annoyance rose considerably (to 27.6%) when individualized noise metrics as well as situational and personal variables were included in the prediction model. Conclusions: Consideration of noise metrics related to the number of fly-overs and individual adjustment of noise metrics can improve the prediction of short-term annoyance compared to models using equivalent outdoor levels only. Non-acoustical factors have remarkable impact not only on long-term annoyance as shown before but also on short-term annoyance judged in the home environment.
机译：背景：在过去的几十年中，空中交通一直在增长，并且预计将继续增长。当前机场运营所产生的噪声会损害机场居民的身心健康。目标：现场研究调查了繁忙机场附近当地居民飞机噪声引起的短期（即每小时间隔）烦扰。我们旨在研究声学和非声学因素对烦恼等级的影响。方法：从起床到上床睡觉的整整四天，科隆/波恩机场附近的55名居民（M = 46岁，SO = 14岁，34位女性）以每小时一班的飞机噪音等级对他们的烦恼进行评估。对于每个参与者和每个小时，获得了来自室外测量的26个噪声指标以及另外6个单独的指标，这些指标考虑了由于每个人在其家中和周围的下落而造成的声音衰减。非声学变量分为情境因素（一天中的时间，过去一小时内进行的活动，一周中的一天）和个人因素（例如对噪音的敏感性，态度，家庭噪音隔离）。将广义估计方程应用于烦恼预测模型的开发。结果：声学因素仅解释了烦恼等级中差异的一小部分（13.7％）。飞越次数预测的烦恼要好于等效和最大声压级。当将个性化噪声指标以及情境和个人变量包括在预测模型中时，烦恼中解释的方差所占的比例显着提高（至27.6％）。结论：与仅使用等效室外水平的模型相比，考虑与飞越次数相关的噪声指标以及噪声指标的单独调整可以改善对短期烦恼的预测。非声学因素不仅对如前所示的长期烦恼有显着影响，而且对家庭环境中判断出的短期烦恼也有重大影响。

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