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首页> 外文期刊>Science of the total environment >Source apportionment and spatial-temporal variations in the metal content of surface dust collected from an industrial area adjoining Delhi, India
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Source apportionment and spatial-temporal variations in the metal content of surface dust collected from an industrial area adjoining Delhi, India

机译：从印度德里附近工业区收集的地表粉尘金属含量的来源分配和时空变化

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摘要

Surface dust collected during three different seasons from Faridabad industrial area adjoining Delhi is studied for different metals, their spatial and temporal variations, and sources. Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Ca and Mg show limited variations and lower abundances compared to Upper Continental Crust (UCC); Fe shows enrichment and seasonal changes. Cd, V, Co, Ba, Ti, Ni, Cu, Cr and Zn show significant spatial and temporal variations, and enrichments compared to UCC indicate their anthropogenic sources. Seasonal variability could be due to: 1) different types of industries, 2} variations in the emissions, 3) very frequent shifting of small scale industry within the region, and 4) changes in the land use pattern.The sampling sites, according to the geo-accumulation index, are: 1) least polluted for Ca, Mg, Al and Ti except for Ti in winter, 2) least to moderately polluted for Ba, Co and V but season specific, and 3) moderately to extremely polluted for other metals. Average pollution load index of 2.67-2.87 indicates consistently high level of pollution at all sites in all sampling seasons. The sites located in the residential areas near small to medium scale unorganized industry are more polluted compared to sites near large industries suggesting that the small scale unorganized industries causes more pollution. Three dominant sources of metals were identified: 1) mixed industrial, 2) crustal, and 3) vehicular, oil and battery related burnings. The third component related to Ba, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cr, further splits into two components in the pre-monsoon and winter samples. Surface dust, enriched in metals, is likely to cause serious danger to public health. There is an urgent need to make a shift from unorganized to formally organized industry to reduce the metal pollution and protect human health and environment as a whole.
机译：研究了在三个不同季节从毗邻德里的法里达巴德工业区收集的地表灰尘，研究了不同金属，它们的时空变化和来源。与上部大陆壳（UCC）相比，Al，Fe，Mn，Ti，Ca和Mg的变化有限，且丰度较低。铁表现出富集和季节性变化。 Cd，V，Co，Ba，Ti，Ni，Cu，Cr和Zn显示出明显的时空变化，与UCC相比，富集表明它们是人为来源。季节变化可能是由于：1）不同类型的工业，2}排放变化，3）该区域内小型工业的转移非常频繁，以及4）土地使用方式的变化。地积累指数为：1）冬季除Ti以外，对Ca，Mg，Al和Ti的污染最少，2）对Ba，Co和V，但因季节而异的最低至中度污染，以及3）的中度至极度污染其他金属。平均污染负荷指数为2.67-2.87，表明在所有采样季节中，所有站点的污染水平始终很高。与大产业附近的居民相比，位于中小型无组织工业的居民区的污染更严重，这表明小规模无组织的工业造成了更多的污染。确定了三种主要的金属来源：1）混合工业，2）地壳和3）与车辆，石油和电池有关的燃烧。与Ba，Pb，Cd，Zn和Cr有关的第三个成分在季风前和冬季样本中又分为两个成分。富含金属的表面灰尘可能会对公众健康造成严重威胁。迫切需要从无组织的产业向正式的有组织的产业转移，以减少金属污染并从整体上保护人类健康和环境。

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