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首页> 外文期刊>The Science of the Total Environment >The role of the atmosphere in the provision of ecosystem services
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The role of the atmosphere in the provision of ecosystem services

机译：大气在提供生态系统服务中的作用

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Solving the environmental problems that we are facing today requires holistic approaches to analysis and decision making that include social and economic aspects. The concept of ecosystem services, defined as the benefits people obtain from ecosystems, is one potential tool to perform such assessments. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the need for an integrated approach that explicitly includes the contribution of atmospheric processes and functions to the quantification of air-ecosystem services. First, final and intermediate air-ecosystem services are defined. Next an ecological production function for clean and clear air is described, and its numerical counterpart (the Community Multiscale Air Quality model) is introduced. An illustrative numerical example is developed that simulates potential changes in air-ecosystem services associated with the conversion of evergreen forest land in Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia to commercial crop land. This one-atmosphere approach captures a broad range of service increases and decreases. Results for the forest to cropland conversion scenario suggest that although such change could lead to increased biomass (food) production services, there could also be coincident seasonally variable decreases in clean and clear air-ecosystem services (i.e., increased levels of ozone and paniculate matter) associated with increased fertilizer application. Metric that support the quantification of these regional air-ecosystem changes require regional ecosystem production functions that fully integrate biotic as well as abiotic components of terrestrial ecosystems, and do so on finer temporal scales than are used for the assessment of most ecosystem services.
机译：解决我们今天面临的环境问题，需要采用综合方法来进行分析和决策，其中包括社会和经济方面。生态系统服务的概念被定义为人们从生态系统中获得的收益，是进行此类评估的一种潜在工具。本文的目的是证明需要一种综合方法，该方法应明确包括大气过程和功能对量化空气生态系统服务的贡献。首先，定义了最终和中间的空中生态系统服务。接下来，将描述用于清洁空气的生态生产函数，并介绍其数值对应项（社区多尺度空气质量模型）。开发了一个说明性的数值示例，它模拟了与密西西比州，阿拉巴马州和乔治亚州的常绿林地转变为商业耕地相关的空气生态系统服务的潜在变化。这种单大气层的方法捕获了广泛的服务增加和减少。森林到农田转化情景的结果表明，尽管这种变化可能会导致增加生物量（粮食）生产服务，但清洁和清晰的空气生态系统服务也可能会出现季节性变化（例如，臭氧和颗粒物含量增加） ）与增加施肥量有关。支持量化这些区域性空气生态系统变化的度量标准，要求区域性生态系统生产功能完全整合陆地生态系统的生物和非生物成分，并且在比大多数生态系统服务评估更精细的时间尺度上进行。

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