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首页> 外文期刊>The Science of the Total Environment >Impacts of Independence Day fireworks on pollution levels of atmospheric poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the U.S.
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Impacts of Independence Day fireworks on pollution levels of atmospheric poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the U.S.

机译：美国独立日烟花对美国大气多环芳烃（PAHS）污染水平的影响

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摘要

Fireworks on Independence Day have been identified as a nationwide but short-term source of particulate matter in the U.S. No study has specifically examined their impacts on ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Based on data between 1990 and 2019 in the Air Quality System, we identified 76 unique events that had PAH measurements on both July 4th days and control days (within 15 days before and after July 4th). We compared concentrations and diagnostic ratios of 16 priority PAHs between event and control days using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and multivariable regressions. A local PAH monitoring campaign was conducted at eight sites in Memphis, Tennessee, to obtain a close observation of PAH changes. The national geometric mean (GM) concentrations of summed 16 PAHs (∑PAHs) were similar between event and control days (48.1 ng/m~3 vs. 52.8 ng/m~3, p = 0.98). About a quarter of events had elevated PAH concentrations compared with control days. Higher diagnostic ratios were found on event days, suggesting more contributions from fireworks sources. PAHs on July 4th were unlikely to cause acute or chronic health effects. While the local monitoring showed a 15% increase of XPAHs on July 4th, the difference was not significant (p = 0.62). Elevated PAH concentrations occurred at sites near fireworks sources and without major traffics, but did not occur at those in remote areas or near major interstate highways. In conclusion, this study finds that Independence Day fireworks have negligible impacts on atmospheric PAHs at the national level, and are unlikely to pose significant health risks. The firework effect is localized within a limited geographic scale, suggesting potential needs for local monitoring and control programs.
机译：独立日的烟花已被鉴定为全国范围内，但在美国的颗粒物质的短期来源。没有研究专门研究了对环境多环芳烃（PAH）的影响。基于1990年至2019年间空气质量体系之间的数据，我们确定了76个独特的事件，这些活动有7月第4天和控制日（7月4日之前和之后的15天内）。我们使用Wilcoxon签名等级测试和多变量回归比较了在事件和控制天之间的16个优先级PAHs的浓度和诊断比率。当地的PAH监测活动是在田纳西州孟菲斯的八个地点进行的，以获得对PAH变革的密切观察。国家几何平均值（GM）浓度的总和16pahs（σpahs）在事件和控制天之间相似（48.1ng / m〜3与52.8ng / m〜3，p = 0.98）。与对照天相比，大约四分之一的事件升高了PAH浓度。在活动日内发现了更高的诊断比率，旨在从烟花源的贡献更多。 7月4日的PAHS不太可能引起急性或慢性健康影响。虽然当地监测显示7月4日XPAH的增加15％，但差异不显着（P = 0.62）。在烟花来源附近的遗址和没有主要流量的地点发生了升高的PAH浓度，但在偏远地区或主要州际公路附近没有发生。总之，本研究发现，独立日烟花对国家一级对大气PAH的影响可忽略不计，并且不太可能构成重大的健康风险。烟花效果是在有限的地理规模内定位，表明潜在的本地监测和控制计划需求。

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  • 来源
    《The Science of the Total Environment》 |2020年第15期|140774.1-140774.9|共9页
  • 作者

    Chunrong Jia; Zhuqing Xue; Xianqiang Fu; Fariha Sultana; Larry J. Smith; Yueqian Zhang; YingLi; Bian Liu;

  • 作者单位

    School of Public Health University of Memphis Memphis TN 38152 USA;

    School of Public Health University of Memphis Memphis TN 38152 USA;

    School of Public Health University of Memphis Memphis TN 38152 USA;

    School of Public Health University of Memphis Memphis TN 38152 USA;

    Shelby County Health Department Memphis TN 38105 USA;

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA;

    Department of Environmental Health College of Public Health East Tennessee State University Johnson City TN 37614 USA;

    Department of Population Health Science and Policy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York City NY 10029 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PAH; Naphthalene; Fireworks; Diagnostic ratio;

    机译：多环芳烃;PAH;萘;烟花;诊断比例;

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