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Microplastics in wastewater treatment plants of Wuhan, Central China: Abundance, removal, and potential source in household wastewater

机译：中国中部武汉废水处理厂的微塑料：家庭废水的丰富，拆除和潜在来源

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摘要

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are identified as an important source of microplastics (MPs) released into the aquatic environments. The purpose of this study is to compare the abundance and removal of MPs of two WWTPs located in Wuhan City, China, and to evaluate the characteristics of MPs in household wastewater. The results showed that the abundance of MPs in the wastewater of two WWTPs has decreased sharply from 23.3 to 7.9 n L~(-1) and 80.5 to 30.3 n L~(-1) with corresponding removal rates of 66.1 and 62.7%, respectively. The fiber, fragment, and microbead present in the three sources of household wastewater (toothpaste, facial cleanser and laundry wastewater) and WWTPs have similarity in shape, and further the main component of MPs in household wastewater and WWTPs is polyvinyl chloride, as is evident from Raman spectrum analysis. Each use of 1 g facial cleanser can release about 1000 MPs, which is higher than that of toothpaste; however, microbeads are only found in the frosting cleanser. An interesting finding is that toothpaste contained fewer amounts of MPs than expected; hence, we observed absence of microbeads in toothpaste. However, over 150,000 fibers are released while washing an average washing of 1 kg of clothing. It has further been estimated that the daily discharge of MPs from household wastewater to WWTPs in China is 9.1 × 1010. Thus, the results indicate that the MPs in household wastewater mainly contribute to the MPs in wastewater of WWTP, therefore, the use of MPs in the personal care products should be banned or alternatives of primary MPs use in these products must be developed.
机译：废水处理植物（WWTPS）被鉴定为释放到水生环境中的微塑料（MPS）的重要来源。本研究的目的是比较位于中国武汉市的两个WWTP的丰富和删除，并评估家庭废水中的国会议员的特点。结果表明，两种WWTPS废水中的MPS的丰度从23.3至7.9 n L〜（-1）和80.5至30.3nL〜（-1）分别降低了66.1和62.7％的相应去除率。存在于家庭废水（牙膏，面部清洁剂和衣物废水）和WWTPS中的三种来源中存在的纤维，片段和微珠在形状方面具有相似性，并且其他家庭废水和WWTPS的MPS主要成分是聚氯乙烯，如明显从拉曼谱分析。每次使用1g面部清洁剂可以释放约1000立方体，高于牙膏;但是，微生物仅在糖霜清洁剂中找到。有趣的发现是牙膏含有比预期的更少量的MPS;因此，我们观察到牙膏中没有微生物。然而，在洗涤1千克衣物的平均洗涤时，超过150,000纤维释放。据估计，从家庭废水到中国的WWTPS的日国会议员的每日排放量为9.1×1010.因此，家庭废水中的国会议员主要促进WWTP废水中的MPS，因此，使用MPS在个人护理产品中，应禁止或初级MPS在这些产品中使用的替代品。

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  • 来源
    《Science of the total environment》 |2020年第25期|141026.1-141026.8|共8页
  • 作者

    Na Tang; Xiaoning Liu; Wei Xing;

  • 作者单位

    CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430074 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China;

    Institute of HydroEcology State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China;

    CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430074 China;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Microplastic; Cleanser; Toothpaste; Clothing; Wastewater treatment;

    机译：微塑料;清洁剂;牙膏;服装;废水处理;

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