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首页> 外文期刊>The Science of the Total Environment >A simplified method for estimation of jarosite and acid-forming sulfates in acid mine wastes
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A simplified method for estimation of jarosite and acid-forming sulfates in acid mine wastes

机译：估算酸性矿山废料中黄铁矿和产酸硫酸盐的简化方法

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摘要

In acid base accounting (ABA) estimates of acid mine wastes, the acid potential (AP) estimate can be improved by using the net carbonate value (NCV) reactive sulfide S method rather than total S assay methods but this does not give recovery of potentially acid producing ferrous and ferric sulfates present in many wastes. For more accurate estimation of AP, an effective, site-specific method to quantify acid sulfate salts, such as jarosite and melanterite, in waste rocks has been developed and tested on synthetic and real wastes. The SPOCAS (acid sulfate soils) methods have been modified to an effective, rapid method to speciate sulfate forms in different synthetic waste samples. A three-step sequential extraction procedure has been established. These steps are: (1) argon-purged water extraction (3 min) to extract soluble Fe(II) salts (particularly melanterite), epsomite and gypsum (< 10 wt.%), (2) roasting at 550℃ (1 h) to remove sulfur from pyrite and other reactive sulfides, (3) HCl extraction (4 M, 30 min) for determination of jarosites. Products (solid and aqueous) have been characterized at each step including the jarosite decomposition process in Step 2 where temperature control is critical to avoid S loss. The sequential extraction procedure was used to quantitatively determine melanterite, epsomite, gypsum, pyrite and jarosite concentrations in a synthetic waste sample containing these mineral phases at 5 wt.% in quartz, and also tested using a tailings waste sample to quantitatively determine epsomite, gypsum and jarosite contents. The method is applicable to most waste samples including those with non-pyrite sulfides but for samples containing significant amounts of sulfur (> 1 wt.% S) as copper sulfides, the second step of roasting needs to be excluded from the procedure with an increased time of 4 M HCl extraction to 16 h for jarosite determination.
机译：在酸性矿山废物的酸碱核算（ABA）估计中，可以通过使用净碳酸盐值（NCV）反应性硫化物S方法而非总S分析方法来改进酸势（AP）估计，但这不能回收潜在的产生酸的硫酸亚铁和硫酸铁存在于许多废物中。为了更准确地估算AP，已经开发了一种有效的，针对特定地点的方法来量化waste石中的硫酸盐盐（如黄铁矿和黑铁矿），并在合成垃圾和实际垃圾上进行了测试。 SPOCAS（酸性硫酸盐土壤）方法已被修改为一种有效，快速的方法，可以指定不同合成废物样品中的硫酸盐形式。建立了一个三步顺序提取程序。这些步骤是：（1）吹氩水萃取（3分钟）以萃取可溶性Fe（II）盐（特别是黑铁矿）、,石和石膏（<10 wt。％），（2）在550℃焙烧（1小时） ）从黄铁矿和其他活性硫化物中除去硫，（3）HCl萃取（4 M，30分钟），用于测定黄铁矿。在每个步骤（包括步骤2中的黄钾铁矾分解过程）中都对产品（固体和水性）进行了表征，其中温度控制对于避免S损失至关重要。顺序萃取程序用于定量测定石英中含有这些矿物相的合成矿物样品中的褐铁矿，泻石，石膏，黄铁矿和黄铁矿的浓度，含量为5％（重量），还使用尾矿废物样品进行了定量测定泻石，石膏的测试和黄铁矿内容。该方法适用于大多数废物样品，包括具有非硫铁矿硫化物的样品，但对于含有大量硫（> 1 wt。％S）作为硫化铜的样品，则第二步焙烧需要从程序中排除用4 M HCl萃取至16 h进行黄钾铁矾测定。

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