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首页> 外文期刊>Science of the total environment >Sources and sinks of greenhouse gases in the landscape: Approach for spatially explicit estimates
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Sources and sinks of greenhouse gases in the landscape: Approach for spatially explicit estimates

机译：温室气体景观中的来源和下沉：空间明确估计的方法

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摘要

Climate change mitigation is a global response that requires actions at the local level. Quantifying local sources and sinks of greenhouse gases (GHG) facilitate evaluating mitigation options. We present an approach to collate spatially explicit estimated fluxes of GHGs (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) for main land use sectors in the landscape, to aggregate, and to calculate the net emissions of an entire region. Our procedure was developed and tested in a large river basin in Finland, providing information from intensively studied eLTER research sites. To evaluate the full GHG balance, fluxes from natural ecosystems (lakes, rivers, and undrained mires) were included together with fluxes from anthropogenic activities, agriculture and forestry. We quantified the fluxes based on calculations with an anthropogenic emissions model (FRES) and a forest growth and carbon balance model (PREBAS), as well as on emission coefficients from the literature regarding emissions from lakes, rivers, undrained mires, peat extraction sites and cropland. Spatial data sources included CORINE land use data, soil map, lake and river shorelines, national forest inventory data, and statistical data on anthropogenic activities. Emission uncertainties were evaluated with Monte Carlo simulations. Artificial surfaces were the most emission intensive land-cover class. Lakes and rivers were about as emission intensive as arable land. Forests were the dominant land cover in the region (66%), and the C sink of the forests decreased the total emissions of the region by 72%. The region's net emissions amounted to 4.37 ± 1.43 Tg CO_2-eq yr~(-1), corresponding to a net emission intensity 0.16 GgCO_2-eq km~(-2)yr~(-1) and estimated per capita net emissions of 5.6 MgCO_2-eq yr~(-1).Our landscape approach opens opportunities to examine the sensitivities of important GHG fluxes to changes in land use and climate, management actions, and mitigation of anthropogenic emissions.
机译：气候变化缓解是一种全球反应，需要在地方一级采取行动。量化温室气体（GHG）的局部来源和水槽，便于评估缓解方案。我们提出了一种在景观中融合的空间（二氧化碳，甲烷和一氧化碳）的空间明确估计的气体估计的方法，并计算整个地区的净排放。我们的程序是在芬兰的大型河流盆地开发和测试，提供了集中研究的埃尔研究地点的信息。为了评估完整的温室气体平衡，来自自然生态系统（湖泊，河流和未造船）的助量与人为活动，农业和林业的势态包括在一起。我们根据具有人为排放模型（FRES）的计算和森林生长和碳平衡模型（PREBA）的计算，以及来自湖泊，河流，未造成的泥土，泥炭提取位点的排放的文献的排放系数农田。空间数据来源包括柯林机土地利用数据，土壤图，湖泊和河流海岸线，国家森林库存数据和人为活动的统计数据。用蒙特卡罗模拟评估了排放不确定性。人造表面是最排放的密集型陆地覆盖类。湖泊和河流是耕地的排放密集。森林是该地区的主要陆地覆盖（66％），森林的C汇降低了该地区的总排放量为72％。该地区的净排放量为4.37±1.43 TG​​ CO_2-EQ YR〜（-1），对应于净排放强度0.16 ggco_2-eq km〜（-2）Yr〜（-1），估计每人均净排放为5.6 MGCO_2-EQ YR〜（-1）。我们的景观方法打开机会来检查重要的温室气体助势的敏感性，以对土地利用和气候，管理行动和减轻人为排放的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Science of the total environment》 |2021年第10期|146668.1-146668.16|共16页
  • 作者

    Maria Holmberg; Anu Akujaervi; Saku Anttila; Iida Autio; Markus Haakana; Virpi Junttila; Niko Karvosenoja; Pirkko Kortelainen; Annikki Maekelae; Kari Minkkinen; Francesco Minunno; Katri Rankinen; Paavo Ojanen; Ville-Veikko Paunu; Mikko Peltoniemi; Terhi Rasilo; Tapani Sallantaus; Mikko Savolahti; Sakari Tuominen; Seppo Tuominen; Pekka Vanhala; Martin Forsius;

  • 作者单位

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    National Resources Institute (Luke) Latokartanonkaari 9 FI-00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Department of Forest Sciences P.O. Box 27.00014 University of Helsinki Finland;

    Department of Forest Sciences P.O. Box 27.00014 University of Helsinki Finland;

    Department of Forest Sciences P.O. Box 27.00014 University of Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Department of Forest Sciences P.O. Box 27.00014 University of Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    National Resources Institute (Luke) Latokartanonkaari 9 FI-00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Department of Forest Sciences P.O. Box 27.00014 University of Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    National Resources Institute (Luke) Latokartanonkaari 9 FI-00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

    Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Latokartanonkaari 11 00790 Helsinki Finland;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    GHG; Anthropogenic; Waterbodies; Mire; Crop land; Forest;

    机译：温室气体;人类学;水体;更多的;农田;森林;

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