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The leaching potential of sewage sludge and municipal waste incineration ashes in terms of landfill safety and potential reuse

机译：污水污泥和市政垃圾焚烧灰烬的浸出潜力在垃圾填埋安全和潜在的重用方面

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摘要

Incinerations residues from different types of materials (sewage sludge incineration ash and municipal waste incineration ashes) can either be by-products used in industry, or can pose a serious environmental problem related to their composition and the presence of potentially hazardous elements. State regulations and standards indicate whether material is inert, non-hazardous or hazardous. These standards, however, do not provide a complete overview on the leaching behavior of potentially hazardous elements in the environment. This study presents the result of batch experiment performed in accordance with the PN-EN 12457-2 (2006) and PN-EN 12457-4 (2006) standards. The results indicated that the leachability of elements is strongly dependent on the mineral composition of the waste product (the concentration and composition of soluble phase), the chemical composition (the mobility of hazardous elements and their affinity to soluble minerals), and the pH. To ensure environmental safety a thorough characterization of the waste is required followed by qualitative assignment to a particular waste type based on available guidance. Furthermore, to avoid leaching of potentially harmful elements into soils or surface water, it is also paramount to perform environmental impact assessment of wastes used as by-product in industry e.g., as building or road construction materials (aggregate) and fertilizers.
机译：来自不同类型材料的焚烧残留物（污水污泥焚烧灰和市政垃圾焚烧灰烬）可以是行业中使用的副产品，或者可以构成与其组成相关的严重环境问题以及潜在危险的元素的存在。国家法规和标准表明材料是惰性，非危险或危险的。然而，这些标准不提供关于环境中潜在危险因素的浸出行为的完整概述。本研究介绍了根据PN-EN 12457-2（2006）和PN-EN 12457-4（2006）标准进行的批次实验结果。结果表明，元素的可浸出性强烈依赖于废物的矿物成分（可溶性相的浓度和组成），化学成分（危险因子的迁移率及其对可溶性矿物质的亲和力）和pH值。为了确保环境安全，需要彻底表征废物，然后根据可用指导进行定性分配给特定的废物类型。此外，为了避免将可能有害的元素浸出到土壤或地表水中，对于在工业中使用作为副产品的废物进行环境影响评估也是至关重要的。，作为建筑物或道路建设材料（骨料）和肥料。

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