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Protecting 'The Prize':Oil and the U.S. National Interest

机译:保护“奖项”:石油与美国国家利益

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摘要

American national security policy is based on a misunderstanding about U.S. oil interests. Although oil is a vital commodity, potential supply disruptions are less worrisome than scholars, politicians, and pundits presume. This article identifies four adaptive mechanisms that together can compensate for almost all oil shocks, meaning that continuous supply to consumers will limit scarcity-induced price increases. The adaptive mechanisms are not particularly fragile and do not require tremendous foresight by either governments or economic actors. We illustrate these mechanisms at work using evidence from every major oil disruption since 1973. We then identify the small subset of disruptive events that would overwhelm these adaptive mechanisms and therefore seriously harm the United States. Finally, we analyze the utility of u.s. foreign military policy tools in addressing these threats. Our findings suggest that the United States can defend its key interests in the Persian Gulf-the world's most important oil-producing region-with a less-intrusive, "over the horizon"posture.
机译:美国的国家安全政策是基于对美国石油利益的误解。尽管石油是至关重要的商品,但潜在的供应中断问题并不像学者,政客和专家所认为的那样令人担忧。本文确定了四种适应性机制,它们可以共同弥补几乎所有的石油冲击,这意味着向消费者的持续供应将限制因稀缺性引起的价格上涨。适应性机制不是特别脆弱,不需要政府或经济参与者的巨大预见。我们使用1973年以来每次重大石油中断的证据来说明这些机制在起作用。然后,我们确定破坏性事件的一小部分,这些事件会使这些适应性机制不堪重负,从而严重损害了美国。最后,我们分析了美国的效用。外国军事政策工具来应对这些威胁。我们的研究结果表明,美国可以以一种不太麻烦的“地平线”姿态捍卫其在波斯湾(世界上最重要的产油区)中的关键利益。

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  • 来源
    《Security studies》 |2010年第3期|p.453-485|共33页
  • 作者

    EUGENE GHOLZ; DARYL G. PRESS;

  • 作者单位

    LBJ School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin;

    rnDartmouth College and coordinator of War and Peace Studies at the John Sloan Dickey Center for International Understanding;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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