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首页> 外文期刊>Sensors Journal, IEEE >Ideas and Challenges for Securing Wireless Implantable Medical Devices: A Review
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Ideas and Challenges for Securing Wireless Implantable Medical Devices: A Review

机译：保护无线植入式医疗设备的构想和挑战：回顾

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摘要

Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are normally used for monitoring and treating various medical conditions. These days, wireless modules have become an intrinsic part of many modern IMDs. So, doctors can use device programmers wirelessly to configure parameters in the IMDs. However, such a wireless technology exposes the IMDs to security attacks. In this paper, we analyze potential threats faced by the IMDs and discuss security solutions proposed in the existing literature to counter these threats. Securing an IMD involves three design tradeoffs that require a careful consideration. The first one is security versus accessibility in an emergency situation. We compare the IMD security schemes in the literature in terms of their merits and disadvantages. The second one is the tradeoff between the security schemes for supporting emergency access and those for supporting normal check-up access to the IMDs. This normal check-up access to the IMDs should avoid extra resource consumptions, which is different from the requirement in the emergency access. The third one is between the requirements of strong security and limited resources. The IMD, as a tiny wireless device used for medical purposes, has very limited resources when compared with a generic wireless sensor deviceode. We analyze various schemes that aim to conserve the underlying resources of an IMD and also counter battery denial of service attacks from different perspectives. Based on the literature review, we analyze general concerns in the IMD security design from the system engineering point of view, and discuss possible future research directions.
机译：植入式医疗设备（IMD）通常用于监视和治疗各种医疗状况。如今，无线模块已成为许多现代IMD的固有组成部分。因此，医生可以无线使用设备编程器来配置IMD中的参数。但是，这种无线技术使IMD受到安全攻击。在本文中，我们分析了IMD面临的潜在威胁，并讨论了现有文献中提出的针对这些威胁的安全解决方案。保护IMD涉及三个设计权衡，需要仔细考虑。第一个是紧急情况下的安全性与可访问性。我们根据其优缺点比较文献中的IMD安全方案。第二个是在支持紧急访问的安全方案与支持对IMD进行正常检查访问的安全方案之间的权衡。对IMD的这种正常检查访问应避免额外的资源消耗，这与紧急访问的要求不同。第三个是在强大的安全性要求和有限的资源要求之间。与通用无线传感器设备/节点相比，IMD作为用于医疗目的的微型无线设备，其资源非常有限。我们分析了各种旨在节省IMD基础资源的方案，并且从不同的角度对付电池拒绝服务攻击。基于文献综述，我们从系统工程的角度分析了IMD安全设计中的一般问题，并讨论了可能的未来研究方向。

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