This paper presents a vibration-based energy harvesting system composed of a compact electromagnetic (EM) power generator and highly efficient full-wave interface electronics in a system-on-package. The system harvests energy from ambient vibrations, and delivers a smooth and reliable dual rail DC supply to power up a practical load. The energy harvester module is an in-house double-coil EM transducer which generates AC voltage in response to low frequency ambient vibrations. Voltage regulation is achieved by the interface electronics at the core of the system, which is designed to rectify the input AC voltage with peak amplitude ranging from several hundred mVs to several Volts, with maximum efficiency. The interface electronics contains an active rectifier with high conversion efficiency (>;80%) for a wide range of load currents (0-42 μA). A passive network, built from low threshold-voltage chip diodes and capacitors, generates a dual supply voltage from one of the coils to power up the active rectifier. The autonomous system of 16 cm3 volume (comparable to the size of a C-Type battery), delivers 54 μW to a 37-μA load through a dual rail 1.46 V DC voltage with total system efficiency of 81%, when subjected to low frequency (8 Hz) external vibrations. The maximum overall system power density has been validated to be 6.06 μW/cm3, three times what was previously reported for a batteryless vibration driven system.
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机译：本文提出了一种基于振动的能量收集系统，该系统由紧凑的电磁（EM）发电机和高效的全波接口电子器件组成，该器件采用系统级封装。该系统从周围的振动中收集能量，并提供平稳可靠的双轨直流电源以为实际负载供电。能量收集器模块是一个内部双线圈EM传感器，可响应低频环境振动产生交流电压。电压调节是通过系统核心的接口电子设备实现的，该接口电子设备可对输入交流电压进行整流，其峰值幅度范围从几百mVs到几伏特不等，且效率最高。接口电子器件包含一个有源整流器，该整流器具有很高的转换效率（> 80％），适用于各种负载电流（0-42μA）。由低阈值电压的片状二极管和电容器构成的无源网络从一个线圈产生双电源电压，以为有源整流器供电。自主系统的体积为16 cm 3 （相当于C型电池的大小），可通过双轨1.46 V DC电压向54μW的37μA负载提供54μW的功率，总系统效率为当遭受低频（8 Hz）外部振动时为81％。经验证，最大的整体系统功率密度为6.06μW/ cm 3 ，是先前报道的无电池振动驱动系统的三倍。
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