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Costs and Benefits of Cross-Country Labour Migration in the GMS

机译：大湄公河次区域（GMS）中跨国劳动力迁移的成本和收益

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摘要

Labor migration across international borders has always been a common phenomenon in the labor market. Generations of such migrants have travelled across continents in pursuit of economic benefits and political freedom, as well as to alleviate poverty back home. The trend of labor migration thus, has usually been from the less developed countries to the more developed countries. With accelerated trade growth and globalization, the migration movements have also intensified within and across different regions. As of today, migration is no longer a sole issue of labor market movement. Its pertinence on human rights and social integration demands national policies and cross-country cooperation. While migration seemed to be a plausible way to escape from poverty, it is not a solution for everyone in the poorer countries as it is built upon initial capital investments and networks. This is particularly true for the people in less developed countries, such as Myanmar, Cambodia and the Lao PDR in the Great Mekong Sub-region (GMS). Constrained by poor educational and financial endowments, emigrants from these countries seek for life changing opportunities in Thailand, a country that is at a higher stage of economic development. Geographical adjacencies and cultural similarities marked Thailand as the preferred emigration destination for the poor in that region.
机译：跨国界的劳务移民一直是劳务市场中的普遍现象。这类移民的世代遍历大洲，以寻求经济利益和政治自由，以及减轻家乡的贫困。因此，劳务移民的趋势通常是从欠发达国家到较发达国家。随着贸易增长和全球化的加速，不同区域内部和区域之间的迁移运动也有所加剧。从今天起，移民不再是劳动力市场运动的唯一问题。它与人权和社会融合有关，因此需要国家政策和跨国合作。尽管移民似乎是摆脱贫困的一种可行方式，但它并不是针对较贫穷国家的每个人的解决方案，因为移民是建立在最初的资本投资和网络之上的。对于缅甸，柬埔寨和大湄公河次区域的老挝人民民主共和国等欠发达国家的人民而言，尤其如此。这些国家的移民受到教育和财政资源匮乏的制约，他们在泰国这个经济发展处于较高阶段的国家寻找改变生活的机会。地理上的邻接和文化上的相似之处使泰国成为该地区穷人的首选移民目的地。

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  • 来源
    《The Singapore economic review》 |2014年第5期|1480004.1-1480004.4|共4页
  • 作者

    HUAILU LI;

  • 作者单位

    Boston University;

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