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Efficiency-Risk Tradeoffs in Electricity Markets with Dynamic Demand Response

机译：具有动态需求响应的电力市场效率风险权衡

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摘要

In order to study the impact of dynamic demand response in the future smart grid, we examine in an abstract framework how a tradeoff between efficiency and risk arises under different market architectures. We first examine the system performance under noncooperative and cooperative market architectures. The statistics of the stationary aggregate demand processes show that, although the noncooperative load scheduling scheme leads to an efficiency loss, the stationary distribution of the corresponding aggregate demand process has a smaller tail, resulting in less frequent aggregate demand spikes. Cooperative dynamic demand response, on the other hand, makes the market place more efficient at the cost of increased risk of aggregate demand spikes. The market architecture determines the locus of the system performance with respect to the tradeoff curve. We also investigate how a properly designed real-time electricity pricing mechanism can help the system operator achieve a target tradeoff between efficiency and risk in a noncooperative market. We further provide a convex characterization of the Pareto front of system performance measures, which serves as a benchmark of the tradeoffs for the system operator to evaluate the pricing rules.
机译：为了研究动态需求响应对未来智能电网的影响，我们在一个抽象的框架中研究了在不同市场架构下效率与风险之间的权衡如何产生。我们首先检查非合作和合作市场架构下的系统性能。静态总需求过程的统计数据表明，尽管非合作负荷调度方案导致效率损失，但相应总需求过程的静态分布具有较小的尾巴，从而导致总需求峰值不那么频繁。另一方面，合作的动态需求响应使市场效率更高，但总需求高峰的风险却增加了。市场架构根据权衡曲线确定系统性能的轨迹。我们还研究了设计合理的实时电价定价机制如何帮助系统运营商在非合作市场中实现效率与风险之间的目标权衡。我们进一步提供了系统性能度量的Pareto前沿的凸刻特征，它是系统运营商评估定价规则的权衡基准。

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