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Decentralized Failure-Tolerant Optimization of Electric Vehicle Charging

机译:电力车辆充电的分散失效优化

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摘要

We present a decentralized failure-tolerant algorithm for optimizing electric vehicle (EV) charging, using charging stations as computing agents. The algorithm is based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and it has the following features: (i) It handles coupling constraints for capacity, peak demand, and ancillary services. (ii) It does not require a central agent collecting information and performing coordination (e.g., an aggregator), instead all agents exchange information and computations are carried out in a fully decentralized fashion. (iii) It can withstand the failure of any number of computing agents, as long as the remaining computing agents are in a connected communications network. We construct this algorithm by reformulating the optimal EV charging problem in a decomposable form, amenable to ADMM, and then developing efficient decentralized solution methods for the subproblems dealing with coupling constraints. We conduct numerical experiments on industry-scale synthetic EV charging datasets, with up to 1 152 charging stations, using a high-performance computing cluster. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can solve the optimal EV charging problem fast enough to permit the integration of EV charging with real-time electricity markets, even in the presence of failures.
机译:我们介绍了一种用于优化电动车辆(EV)充电,用充电站作为计算代理的收费进行分散的失效算法。该算法基于乘法器(ADMM)的交替方向方法,它具有以下特征:(i)它处理容量,峰值需求和辅助服务的耦合约束。 (ii)它不需要中央代理收集信息和执行协调(例如,聚合器),而是以完全分散的方式执行所有代理商交换信息和计算。 (iii)只要剩余的计算代理处于连接的通信网络中,它可以承受任何数量的计算代理的故障。我们通过在可分解形式中重新制定最佳EV充电问题,适用于ADMM的最佳EV充电问题,然后开发用于处理耦合约束的子问题的有效分散解决方案方法。我们使用高性能计算群集进行高达1 152个充电站的行业规模合成EV充电数据集进行数值实验。该实验表明,所提出的算法可以快速解决最佳EV充电问题,以允许使用实时电市场的EV充电整合,即使在发生故障时也是如此。

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