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Variegated privileges of whiteness: lived experiences of Polish nurses in Norway

机译：白人享有的特权：挪威护士在波兰的生活经历

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摘要

The recent eastward enlargement of the European Union in 2004 and in 2007 has increased the cultural diversity within the borders of the union, and these expansions have spurred a rethinking about who belongs in Europe and how this belonging is defined. This study examines the ambivalent and partial incorporation of Polish nurses into the Norwegian nation. The analysis is based on in-depth, semi-structured interviews and participant observation during twelve months of fieldwork research in Oslo and Bærum and three months in Warsaw, as well as an analysis of Norwegian migration policies, statistics, and nurse recruitment documents. This article argues that whiteness studies, whose history is based in the USA and Britain, needs to take more thorough and specific account of the national and ethnic specificities on which its general claims have been based. The findings suggest that notions of variegated whiteness can be a valuable tool to investigate differential inclusion into the nation, and that Europeanness and Norwegianness are constructed in complex, shifting forms in relation to changing notions of whiteness. In addition, the partial inclusion of certain migrants more fully excludes migrants of color who are not able to benefit from white privilege.
机译：欧洲联盟最近在2004年和2007年向东扩张，增加了联盟边界内的文化多样性，这些扩张促使人们重新思考谁属于欧洲以及如何界定这种归属。这项研究考察了波兰护士加入挪威这个国家的矛盾性和部分性。该分析是基于在奥斯陆和贝鲁姆进行的十二个月实地调查以及在华沙进行的三个月深入，半结构化的访谈和参与者观察以及对挪威移民政策，统计数据和护士招聘文件的分析。本文认为，历史悠久的美国和英国的白人研究需要更全面，更具体地考虑其一般主张所基于的民族和种族特征。研究结果表明，杂色白度的概念可能是调查民族差异包容性的一种有价值的工具，并且欧洲和挪威语是相对于变化的白度概念以复杂的，不断变化的形式构建的。此外，某些移民的部分包容更加全面地排除了无法从白人特权中受益的有色移民。

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  • 来源
    《Social & Cultural Geography》 |2010年第2期|p.117-137|共21页
  • 作者

    Micheline van Riemsdijk;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Geography, University of Tennessee, Burchfiel Geography Building 304, Knoxville, TN, 37996-0925, USA E-mail:;

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