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Requirements elicitation techniques: a systematic literature review based on the maturity of the techniques

机译：需求启发技术：基于技术成熟度的系统文献综述

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摘要

Requirements elicitation is a critical activity that forms part of the requirements engineering process because it has to discover what the software must do through a solid understanding of the wishes and needs of the various stakeholders and to transform them into software requirements. However, in spite of its relevance, there are only a few systematic literature reviews that provide scientific evidence about the effectiveness of the techniques used to elicit software requirements. This study presents a systematic review of relevant literature on requirements elicitation techniques, from 1993 to 2015, by addressing two research questions: Which mature techniques are currently used for eliciting software requirements? and Which mature techniques improve the elicitation effectiveness? Prior literature assumes that such `maturity' leads to a better-quality understanding of stakeholders' desires and needs, and thus an increased likelihood that a resulting software will satisfy those requirements. This research paper found 140 studies to answer these questions. The findings describe which elicitation techniques are effective and in which situations they work best, taking into account the product which must be developed, the stakeholders' characteristics, the type of information obtained, among other factors.
机译：需求激发是构成需求工程过程一部分的关键活动，因为它必须通过对各个涉众的意愿和需求的深入了解来发现软件必须做什么，并将其转化为软件需求。但是，尽管具有相关性，但仅有少数系统的文献综述提供了有关用于引发软件需求的技术的有效性的科学证据。这项研究通过解决两个研究问题，从1993年到2015年对有关需求启发技术的相关文献进行了系统的综述：当前使用哪些成熟技术来激发软件需求？哪些成熟的技术可以提高激发效果？先前的文献认为，这种“成熟度”会导致对利益相关者的需求和需求有更好的理解，从而增加了最终软件满足这些需求的可能性。该研究论文找到140个研究来回答这些问题。研究结果描述了哪种诱因技术是有效的，并且在哪种情况下它们最有效，并考虑了必须开发的产品，利益相关者的特征，所获得信息的类型以及其他因素。

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