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Liquefaction countermeasures by shallow ground improvement for houses and their cost analysis

机译：浅层房屋地面液化对策及其成本分析。

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A large number of houses suffered from liquefaction-induced damages in recent large earthquakes due to lack of economical countermeasures. In this study, the shallow ground improvement, up to several meters deep, was proposed as an economical liquefaction countermeasure for houses. Based on the case studies, the design criteria of allowable tilt angles and penetration settlements of houses were proposed for the required level of serviceability against moderate and large earthquakes. The results of questionnaire survey, airborne LiDAR survey and centrifuge model tests demonstrated that even a few meters of non-liquefiable layers in shallow ground could greatly reduce settlements and tilting of houses. A series of numerical analyses indicated that non-liquefiable layer of three meters thick below ground water table improved by solidification methods can prevent significant damages of houses. Furthermore, cost analyses were carried out for different ground improvement methods for both new and existing houses. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：由于缺乏经济对策，在最近的大地震中，许多房屋遭受了由液化引起的破坏。在这项研究中，提出了将地下几米深的地面改造成房屋的经济液化对策。在案例研究的基础上，提出了允许的倾斜角度和房屋穿透沉降的设计标准，以针对中度和大地震的所需服务水平。问卷调查，机载LiDAR调查和离心模型测试的结果表明，即使在浅层地面上几米的不可液化层也可以大大减少房屋的沉降和倾斜。一系列数值分析表明，通过固化方法改进的地下水位以下三米厚的不可液化层可以防止房屋受到严重破坏。此外，针对新旧房屋的不同地面改良方法进行了成本分析。 （C）2015年由Elsevier Ltd.出版

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