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In-Season Optical Sensing Improves Nitrogen-Use Efficiency for Winter Wheat

机译：季节内光学传感可提高冬小麦的氮利用效率

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摘要

Optical sensor-based N management strategies are promising approaches to improve N-use efficiency (NUE) and reduce environmental pollution risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate an active optical sensor-based in-season N management strategy for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the North China Plain (NCP). Initially, 10 field experiments were conducted at four villages in NCP in the 2004/05, 2005/06, and 2006/07 growing seasons to evaluate the in-season N requirement prediction developed by Oklahoma State University. Then the N application rates, winter wheat grain yield, NUE, economic returns, residual N content after harvest and apparent N loss were compared among three different management systems on a total of 16 farmer fields in 2005/2006 and 14 farmer fields in 2006/2007. The systems included a sensor-based system, a soil test-based approach crediting soil residual mineral N (Nmin) to different depth at different growth stages, and common farmer practices. Averaged across site-years, the sensor-based, soil Nmin–based N management strategies, and farmer practices produced similar grain yields but used 67, 88, and 372 kg N ha–1, respectively. Nitrogen-use efficiencies were 61.3, 51.0, and 13.1% for the three methods of N recommendations, correspondingly. Their residual N content in the soil and apparent N loss were 115, 122, and 208 kg N ha–1, and 4, 15, and 205 kg N ha–1, respectively. The optical sensor-based N management strategy is relatively easy to use, has better potential to improve NUE and economic returns, and reduces residual soil N content and apparent N loss than other methods currently used in the NCP.
机译：基于光学传感器的N管理策略是提高N使用效率（NUE）并减少环境污染风险的有前途的方法 。这项研究的目的是评估华北平原（NCP）冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的基于 光学传感器的主动季节内N管理策略）。 最初，在2004 / 05、2005 / 06和2006/07的生长季节，在NCP的四个村庄 进行了10个田间试验。 >以评估俄克拉何马州立大学开发的 季节性N需求预测。然后比较了 中三个施氮量， 冬小麦籽粒产量，NUE，经济收益，收获后残余N 含量和表观氮素损失。 2005/2006年共有16个农地 和2006/2007年共有14个农地的不同管理系统。 系统包括基于传感器的系统，基于土壤测试的方法，可将 土壤残余矿物质N（N min ）记入不同深度的不同深度 成长阶段以及常见的农民实践。基于 站点年的平均值，基于传感器的，基于土壤N min 的氮管理策略 > ，但分别使用了67、88和372 kg N ha –1 。 N种推荐的三种方法 的氮利用效率分别为61.3、51.0和13.1％。它们在土壤中的残留N含量 和表观氮损失分别为115、122和208 kg N ha -1 ，以及4，15，和205 kg N ha –1 。 基于光学传感器的N管理策略相对 易于使用，具有更好的改进潜力NUE和经济的 返回，并且比目前NCP中使用的其他方法减少了土壤残留氮含量和表观N 损失。

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  • 来源
    《Soil Science Society of America Journal》 |2009年第5期|1566-1574|共9页
  • 作者

    F. Li; Y. Miao; F. Zhang; Z. Cui; R. Li; X. Chen; H. Zhang; J. Schroder; W. R. Raun; L. Jia;

  • 作者单位

    College of Ecology & Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010019, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China,Institute of Agriculture, Resource, and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China;

    College of Ecology & Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010019, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China,Institute of Agriculture, Resource, and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China;

    College of Ecology & Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 010019, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China,Institute of Agriculture, Resource, and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China;

    Dep. of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State Univerisity, Stillwater, OK, 74078,Institute of Agriculture, Resource, and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China;

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