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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science Society of America Journal >Porosity and Pore-Size Distribution in Cultivated Ustolls and Usterts
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Porosity and Pore-Size Distribution in Cultivated Ustolls and Usterts

机译：人工草皮和乌头中的孔隙度和孔径分布

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摘要

Soil management systems affect soil porosity and pore sizes, changing soil hydraulic properties by loosening or by compacting different soil layers. Changes in porosity and pore-size distribution following cultivation were studied in six Ustolls and two Usterts of the prairie in the Upper Missouri River Basin. Soil pores were morphologically described. Water infiltration was measured at 0.03- and 0.06-m tensions. Soil bulk density and moisture retention at 1-m tension were determined in undisturbed and in remolded soil cores. In Ustolls, cultivation decreased soil porosity and pore sizes. Steady-state water infiltration rates were higher in grasslands than in cultivated soils. In no-till and till systems, both very fine macroporosity and microporosity were reduced when compared with grasslands. No-tillage relative to tillage increased soil porosity between the 0.05- and 0.30-m depth. More very fine tubular pores were present in no-till than in tilled Ustolls, indicating increased biological activity in pore formation. In Usterts, total pore space, quantity, shape, and size of macropores, water infiltration under tension, and moisture retention at 1-m tension did not show significant changes related to different management systems.
机译：土壤管理系统会影响土壤的孔隙度和孔径， 通过疏松或压实 不同的土壤层来改变土壤的水力特性。在密苏里河上游流域的六个草原和两个乌斯特草原上研究了随耕作的孔隙度和孔径分布的变化。对土壤孔隙 进行了形态描述。 在0.03和0.06-m的张力下测量了水的渗透。测定了未扰动和重塑土壤芯中 在1 m张力下的土壤容重和水分保持力。在Ustoll，种植减少了土壤 的孔隙度和孔径。草地的稳态水分入渗率 高于耕种土壤。与草地相比，在免耕和耕作系统中，非常好的大孔隙度和微孔隙度都降低了。免耕相对 相对于耕作，土壤孔隙度在0.05-0.30 m 深度之间增加。免耕 比耕种的Ustolls中存在更多的非常细的管状孔隙，表明在孔隙形成中生物活性增强。在乌斯特中，总孔隙空间，数量，形状，大孔的大小和大小，在张力下的水渗透以及在1 m张力下的 保水率均未显示明显变化。 > 与不同的管理系统相关。

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