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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science Society of America Journal >Nitrogen Budget and Soil N Dynamics after Multiple Applications of Unlabeled or 15Nitrogen-Enriched Dairy Manure
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Nitrogen Budget and Soil N Dynamics after Multiple Applications of Unlabeled or 15Nitrogen-Enriched Dairy Manure

机译：多次施用无标签或15种富氮奶牛粪肥后的氮素收支和土壤氮动态

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Repeated N applications to field crops, either as inorganic fertilizers or animal manures, can lead to N buildup in soils with potential long-term environmental hazards. The objective of this 3-yr field study was to monitor total- and mineral-N levels in soil after repeated fertilizer or single or repeated dairy manure applications, and to compute an N balance for the soil-crop system. Unlabeled and 15N-enriched dairy manure were used. The experiment was conducted on a Plano corn silt loam continuously cropped to corn (Zea mays L.) Manure increased total- and NO3–N levels in soil, especially in the 0- to 30-cm depth and in plots receiving frequent and recent manure applications. Manure increased NO3–N in the 0- to 30-cm soil layer more than fertilizer N, whereas the opposite was true in the 30- to 60- and 60- to 90-cm layers. There was a clear NO3–N buildup with repeated manure treatments. Unlabeled N measurements were not accurate enough to track trends in soil total N levels, hampering the calculation of an N balance. 15Nitrogen-labeled manure allowed for direct measurement and provided more accurate estimates of N recovery in soils and crops. During the 3-yr study period, an average of 18% of applied manure 15N was recovered in corn silage and 46% remained in the soil. Unaccounted-for 15N (36%) was assumed to be lost mainly by NH3 volatilization and denitrification. Most (82%) of the 15N remaining in soil was present in the top 30 cm, irrespective of frequency of manure application. Although costly and time-consuming, the use of 15N-labeled manure provided a much better approach to study the fate of manure N within the soil-crop system, compared with unlabeled manure.
机译：以无机肥料或动物粪肥的形式向田间作物重复施用N会导致土壤中N的累积，并可能造成长期的环境危害。这项为期3年的田间研究的目的是监测重复施肥或单次或多次 奶牛场后土壤中总N和矿物质N 的水平施用肥料，并计算 土壤作​​物系统的氮平衡。使用未贴标签和 15 N富集的乳肥 。该实验是在连续种植玉米（Zea mays L.）的普莱诺玉米粉质壤土 上进行的。粪肥增加 总和NO 3 –N尤其是在0- 到30-cm深度的土壤中，以及在经常使用和最近施用粪肥 的土地上。在0到30-cm 的土壤层中，肥料增加的NO 3 –N大于肥料N，而在30年代， 相反-60厘米和60-90厘米的层数。反复进行粪肥处理后，出现 明显的NO 3 –N积累。未标记的 N测量值不够准确，无法跟踪土壤中总氮水平的趋势，从而妨碍了氮平衡的计算。 15 氮标记的 肥料可以直接测量，并提供了更准确的 估算土壤和农作物中氮的回收率。在为期3年的研究期间，玉米青贮饲料中平均回收了18％的施肥 15 N，玉米中剩余的46％。泥。认为未解决的 15 N（36％）主要是由于NH 3 挥发 和反硝化作用而损失的。残留在土壤 中的 15 N的大部分（82％）存在于土壤的前30 cm，而与施肥方法不同。尽管昂贵且费时，但使用 15 N标记的粪肥为研究 粪便中N的命运提供了更好的方法。土壤作物系统，与 未标记的肥料相比。

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