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Hydrochar Production through the HTC Process: Case Study of Municipal Solid Waste Samples in East Java, Indonesia

机译：通过HTC工艺生产的水炭产品：印度尼西亚东爪哇省的市政固体废物样品案例研究

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摘要

Municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal is one of the main issues towards sustainable development. Various technologies are studied to solve it. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an appropriate technology selection to reduce the waste volume primarily and to utilize MSW as the energy source because of its high the calorific value inside. This paper describes the potential of hydrochar production of raw materials in the provinces of East Java, Indonesia. The hydrochar production can be used as a secondary char and for electrical generation if it is combined with gasification process. The waste material affected the quality of combustion and calorific value to the product. The proximate and ultimate analysis using ASTM methods was conducted to analyze the characteristics of hydrochar. The influences of the HTC temperatures at saturated pressure (220 degrees C, 23 bar) and variations of the feedstock moisture content (20-60%) were studied using a simulation of HTC process. The average calorific value of hydrochar is increased 32% of waste materials, 70% hydrochar yield, and 84% energy efficiency. This value indicates that the HTC process can produce hydrochar, moreover it reduced the mass of waste materials, also increased the energy content of products and the energy efficiency is a potential of energy generation from waste materials in an area.
机译：市固体废物（MSW）处置是可持续发展的主要问题之一。研究了各种技术来解决它。水热碳化（HTC）是一种适当的技术选择，以便主要是减少废物量，并利用MSW作为能源，因为其内部的热值高。本文介绍了在印度尼西亚东爪哇省的省份原料生产的潜力。如果与气化过程相结合，可以使用氢乙碳生产作为二级炭和发电。废料影响了产品的燃烧质量和热值。进行了使用ASTM方法的近期和最终分析，分析了氢乙酸的特征。使用HTC工艺的模拟研究了HTC温度在饱和压力（220℃，23巴）（220℃，23巴）和原料水分含量（20-60％）的变化的影响。氢乙烯的平均热值增加了废物的32％，70％氢淀粉产率和84％的能量效率。该值表明HTC过程可以产生水炭，此外，它降低了废料的质量，还增加了产品的能量含量，并且能量效率是一个区域中废料产生的能量产生。

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