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The design of long range quantum electrodynamical forces and torques between macroscopic bodies

机译：宏观物体之间的远距离量子电动势和转矩的设计

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The interaction between electrically neutral surfaces at sub-micron separation is dominated by the force arising from quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field, known as the Casimir force. This effect has been witnessing a renewed interest because of its potential impact in micro- and nanotechnology. Most recent literature has focused on the study of the attraction between bulk-like metallic surfaces in vacuum. Because electromagnetic fluctuations depend on the dielectric function of the surfaces, the use of different materials might reveal new aspects of the Casimir force and suggest novel solutions for the design of micro- and nanofabricated devices. Following this approach, we have measured the Casimir force using Hydrogen Switchable Mirrors-a metallic mirror that switches from highly reflective to transparent when exposed to hydrogen. The comparison of the results obtained in air and in hydrogen sheds light on the relative contribution of visible and infrared wavelengths to the Casimir interaction. We have also studied the dependence of the Casimir force on the metallic film thickness and have shown the effect of the skin-depth. The final section of the paper discusses the torque induced by quantum fluctuations on two birefringent plates and describes an experiment that should allow us to observe this phenomenon. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：亚微米分离时电中性表面之间的相互作用主要由电磁场的量子涨落引起的力（称为卡西米尔力）主导。由于这种效应对微米和纳米技术的潜在影响，因此重新引起了人们的关注。最近的文献集中于研究真空中的块状金属表面之间的吸引力。由于电磁涨落取决于表面的介电功能，因此使用不同的材料可能会揭示卡西米尔力的新方面，并为微细和纳米加工设备的设计提出新颖的解决方案。按照这种方法，我们使用氢可切换反射镜（一种金属镜，当暴露于氢时从高反射率切换为透明）来测量卡西米尔力。在空气和氢气中获得的结果的比较揭示了可见光和红外波长对卡西米尔相互作用的相对贡献。我们还研究了卡西米尔力对金属膜厚度的依赖性，并显示了趋肤深度的影响。本文的最后一部分讨论了由两个双折射板上的量子涨落引起的转矩，并描述了一个实验，该实验应允许我们观察这种现象。 （C）2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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