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Can space mining benefit all of humanity?: The resource fund and citizen's dividend model of Alaska, the 'last frontier'

机译：太空开采能使全人类受益吗：阿拉斯加的资源基金和公民红利模型，“最后的疆界”

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摘要

Economically profitable resource exploitation in space is becoming increasingly feasible as more actors - national, public and private-are engaging in space exploration. The Outer Space Treaty (OST), which serves as the basis for the current corpus juris spatialis, declares that no government can claim sovereignty over celestial bodies or outer space itself. Because this is generally interpreted as denying private ownership, the OST is sometimes claimed to be an obstacle to commercial venture, particularly resource exploitation. Such claims ignore a wealth of terrestrial models which promote profitable commercial resource exploitation independent of fee-simple ownership. To achieve an approach to space exploration and exploitation which balances national, international, and commercial interests and a need to prevent conflict and militarization of outer space, terrestrial approaches to managing resource exploitation should be carefully examined for frameworks and mechanisms with potential to serve as models in further elaborating an international regime for space resource exploitation. A previously overlooked terrestrial example, the Alaska Permanent Fund, and its unique citizen's dividend, is explored as one possible model for such a balanced approach that could encourage profit-driven exploration and exploitation of extra-terrestrial resources, reduce the risk of conflict between actors in outer space and simultaneously accrue tangible benefits to all of humanity.
机译：随着越来越多的参与者-国家，公共和私人参与太空探索，在经济上有利可图的太空资源开发变得越来越可行。作为当前空间法主体的基础的《外层空间条约》（OST）宣布，没有任何政府可以对天体或外层空间本身主张主权。因为通常将其解释为否认私有制，所以有时OST被认为是商业风险（尤其是资源开发）的障碍。这些主张忽略了许多地面模型，这些模型促进了独立于费用简单所有权的有利可图的商业资源开发。为了实现一种平衡国家，国际和商业利益的空间探索和开发方法，以及防止外层空间冲突和军事化的需要，应该仔细研究用于管理资源开发的地面方法，以寻找有潜力作为模型的框架和机制。进一步制定国际空间资源开发制度。探索了一个以前被忽略的陆地示例，即阿拉斯加永久基金及其独特的公民红利，作为这种平衡方法的一种可能模型，这种平衡方法可以鼓励以利润为导向的探索和开发地外资源，减少参与者之间发生冲突的风险在外层空间，同时为全人类带来实实在在的利益。

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