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Administrative Leadership and Long-Term Technology: NASA and the International Space Station

机译:行政领导和长期技术:NASA和国际空间站

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摘要

How does a nation geared to short-term politics achieve technological goals that stretch over decades? That is a cardinal question of U.S. space policy. The International Space Station (ISS) provides an important case study. Known originally as Space Station Freedom, it was initiated in 1984 by President Ronald Reagan to project U.S. leadership and compete with the Soviet Union's space station program. NASA subsequently brought in Europe, Japan, and Canada as partners. The Clinton-Gore Administration reinvented "Freedom" as the International Space Station in 1993, enlisting Russia as NASA's post-Cold War senior partner. ISS construction was completed in 2011 under President Barack Obama, who extended its utilization period until 2024. President Donald Trump has proposed ending funding in 2025 in favor of commercial take-over. This article uses a policy history of the space station for insights about how NASA Administrators advanced or impeded this long-term program. It employs the concept of "relay leadership" to show how a leader moved this program from one state of evolution, and another continued it to the next point. To accomplish any future long-term technological program, such as a Moon base or mission to Mars, NASA will need to apply policy lessons from the ISS experience. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译:一个适应短期政治的国家如何实现长达数十年的技术目标?这是美国太空政策的基本问题。国际空间站(ISS)提供了重要的案例研究。它最初被称为空间站自由,由罗纳德·里根总统于1984年发起,旨在表彰美国的领导地位并与苏联的空间站计划竞争。 NASA随后引入了欧洲,日本和加拿大作为合作伙伴。克林顿·戈尔政府(Clinton-Gore Administration)于1993年将“自由”重塑为国际空间站,并邀请俄罗斯成为NASA冷战后的高级合作伙伴。国际空间站的建设于2011年在巴拉克·奥巴马(Barack Obama)总统的领导下完成,他将其利用期限延长至2024年。唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)总统建议在2025年终止资助,以进行商业接管。本文使用空间站的策略历史记录来了解NASA管理员如何推进或阻碍该长期计划。它采用“中继领导”的概念来展示领导者如何将这个程序从一种进化状态转移到另一种进化状态。为了完成任何未来的长期技术计划,例如月球基地或火星任务,NASA将需要借鉴ISS经验中的政策课程。 (C)2018 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Space policy》 |2019年第2期|85-93|共9页
  • 作者

    Lambright W. Henry;

  • 作者单位

    Syracuse Univ, Maxwell Sch, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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