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SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF USING SPACE TECHNOLOGIES TO MONITOR AND RESPOND TO EARTHQUAKES

机译：利用空间技术监测和响应地震的社会经济效益

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Earthquakes represent a major hazard for populations around the world, causing frequent loss of life, human suffering and enormous damage to homes, other buildings and infrastructure. The Technology Resources for Earthquake Monitoring and Response (TREMOR) Team of 36 space professionals analysed this problem over the course of the International Space University Summer Session Program and published their recommendations in the form of a report. The TREMOR Team proposes a series of space- and ground-based systems to provide improved capability to manage earthquakes. The first proposed system is a prototype earthquake early-warning system that improves the existing knowledge of earthquake precursors and addresses the potential of these phenomena. Thus, the system will at first enable the definitive assessment of whether reliable earthquake early warning is possible through precursor monitoring. Should the answer be affirmative, the system itself would then form the basis of an operational early-warning system. To achieve these goals, the authors propose a multi-variable approach in which the system will combine, integrate and process precursor data from space- and ground-based seismic monitoring systems (already existing and new proposed systems) and data from a variety of related sources (e.g. historical databases, space weather data, fault maps). The second proposed system, the prototype earthquake simulation and response system, coordinates the main components of the response phase to reduce the time delays of response operations, increase the level of precision in the data collected, facilitate communication amongst teams, enhance rescue and aid capabilities and so forth. It is based in part on an earthquake simulator that will provide pre-event (if early warning is proven feasible) and post-event damage assessment and detailed data of the affected areas to corresponding disaster management actors by means of a geographic information system (GIS) interface. This is coupled with proposed mobile satellite communication hubs to provide links between response teams. Business- and policy-based implementation strategies for these proposals, such as the establishment of a non-governmental organisation to develop and operate the systems, are included.
机译：地震对世界各地的人们构成重大危害，造成生命的频繁丧失，人的痛苦以及对房屋，其他建筑物和基础设施的巨大破坏。由36位太空专业人士组成的地震监测与响应技术资源（TREMOR）团队在国际太空大学夏季会议计划的过程中分析了这一问题，并以报告的形式发表了他们的建议。 TREMOR团队提出了一系列基于空间和地面的系统，以提高管理地震的能力。首先提出的系统是原型地震预警系统，它可以提高对地震前兆的现有了解并解决这些现象的潜在可能性。因此，该系统首先将能够通过前兆监测来确定是否可能进行可靠的地震预警。如果答案是肯定的，则系统本身将构成可操作的预警系统的基础。为了实现这些目标，作者提出了一种多变量方法，该系统将结合，集成和处理来自天基和地基地震监测系统（已有的和新提出的系统）的先驱数据以及来自各种相关数据的数据。来源（例如历史数据库，太空天气数据，断层图）。第二个提议的系统，即地震模拟和响应系统原型，协调响应阶段的主要组成部分，以减少响应操作的时间延迟，提高收集数据的精确度，促进团队之间的沟通，增强救援和援助能力等等。它部分基于地震模拟器，该地震模拟器将通过地理信息系统（GIS）向相应的灾难管理参与者提供事前（如果已证明预警是可行的）和事后损害评估以及受灾地区的详细数据）界面。这与提议的移动卫星通信集线器相结合，以提供响应团队之间的链接。包括了针对这些建议的基于业务和策略的实施策略，例如建立了一个非政府组织来开发和运行系统。

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