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SMART-1 OPERATIONAL CONCEPT

机译：SMART-1操作概念

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Small Mission for Advanced Research in Technology 1 (SMART-1) is the European Space Agency's (ESA) first mission to the Moon as well as the first time electric propulsion (EP) is used as the primary propulsion system. The spacecraft has been developed by the Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) as prime contractor and will be operated by ESA at ESA Operational Centre (ESOC) in Darmstadt. The launch occurred on 27 September 2003. The spacecraft is designed for autonomy, the main driving requirement being that the on-board autonomy shall allow for 4 days of non-visibility between each ground station contact. As a consequence, the spacecraft takes autonomous decisions to switch to redundant units in case of a detected failure. For some failures, the spacecraft can continue in its operational mode, e.g., continuous thrusting of the electric propulsion, whereas others lead to a transition to safe mode/survival configuration. All spacecraft systems, apart from the electric propulsion system, are single-point failure-tolerant. The paper presents the operational concept adopted for the SMART-1 mission. The autonomy as well as the electric propulsion affects the way the spacecraft must be operated. The on-board software (OBSW) has implemented a large part of the ESA Packet Utilisation Services (PUS) allowing, in addition to the normal telecommand and telemetry services, a flexible time tag queue management, on-board monitoring functionality and on-board storage handling. The autonomy of the spacecraft also affects the operational procedure strategy. The nominal procedures developed for the mission focus on the commissioning phase and the nominal mode changes. The contingency procedures concern recovery actions during the acquisition and launch and early orbit phase when the spacecraft is in constant contact with the ground stations. Later in the mission, and since the on-board autonomy performs the necessary reconfigurations, the contingency procedures mainly consist of how to re-establish the nominal configuration and restore the autonomy after a reconfiguration has been performed by the on-board software.
机译：高级技术研究小型任务1（SMART-1）是欧洲航天局（ESA）的首次月球飞行任务，也是首次将电推进（EP）用作主要推进系统。该航天器由瑞典航天公司（SSC）作为主要承包商开发，并将由ESA在达姆施塔特（Darmstadt）的ESA操作中心（ESOC）进行操作。发射是在2003年9月27日进行的。航天器是为自主而设计的，主要的驾驶要求是机载自主应允许每个地面站接触之间有4天的不可见性。结果，在发现故障的情况下，航天器将自主决定切换到冗余单元。对于某些故障，航天器可以继续其操作模式，例如连续推进电推进，而其他故障则导致过渡到安全模式/生存配置。除电动推进系统外，所有航天器系统都是单点故障容错的。本文介绍了SMART-1任务采用的作战概念。自主性以及电力推进都会影响航天器的运行方式。板载软件（OBSW）已实现了ESA数据包使用服务（PUS）的很大一部分，除了常规的远程命令和遥测服务外，还提供了灵活的时间标签队列管理，板载监控功能和板载存储处理。航天器的自主权也会影响操作程序策略。为特派团制定的名义程序着重于调试阶段和名义模式变化。当航天器与地面站不断接触时，应急程序涉及在获取，发射和早期轨道阶段的恢复行动。在执行任务的后期，由于机载自主权执行必要的重新配置，因此应急程序主要包括如何通过机载软件执行重配置后重新建立名义配置并恢复自主权。

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