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ARIANE 2010 AND ALTERNATIVES

机译：ARIANE 2010和替代品

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Future evolutions of the heavy European launcher Ariane 5 are multifold, all aimed at reducing as much as possible the cost of orbital missions. They form a coherent part of the Access to Space plan proposed by CNES to its European partners, and serve as the primary basis for the definition of the Research and Technology plan led at European level. 1. The Ariane 2010 (A 2010) initiative considers dual launch of heavy GTO payloads, with a significantly lower cost than today. The studied evolutions impact every aspect. 1.1 At system level, improvements are envisaged on guidance navigation and control (GNC), simplified electric architecture, and provisions to reduce mission analysis. 1.2 Evolutions of the Solid Rocket Booster are based on improved propellant, composite casing, simplified nozzle, and electric actuators, all leading to reduced production costs. 1.3 Impacts on main cryogenic propulsion are associated to a new evolution of the Vulcain engine, with less components, a new LOX pressurization system, new low cost processes, and electric actuators. 2. More innovative evolutions consider new architectures of the launcher, such as modular launchers based on large common cores, basic launchers with strap-on boosters added on demand or the use of large Liquid Boosters. A detailed analysis of such a configuration is described, considering heavy LOX/Methane liquid boosters. 3. A last family of alternatives explores the interest of performing only single payload launches instead of the dual launch strategy currently used. The most promising version, based on Solid Propellant Stages, is analyzed. The Ariane 2010 initiative, justified by the numerous alternative studies, appears today as the most promising program in terms of mission cost, performance, and development efficiency.
机译：欧洲重型发射器“阿丽亚娜” 5的未来发展是多重的，其目的都是为了尽可能减少轨道飞行的成本。它们构成了CNES向其欧洲合作伙伴提出的“获取太空”计划的一致部分，并且是定义由欧洲领导的研究与技术计划的主要依据。 1. Ariane 2010（A 2010）倡议考虑双重发射重型GTO载荷，其成本远低于今天。研究的演变影响各个方面。 1.1在系统级别，可以设想对制导导航和控制（GNC），简化的电气结构以及减少任务分析的规定进行改进。 1.2固体火箭助推器的发展基于改进的推进剂，复合壳体，简化的喷嘴和电动执行器，所有这些都降低了生产成本。 1.3对主要低温推进的影响与Vulcain发动机的新发展有关，它具有更少的部件，新的LOX增压系统，新的低成本工艺以及电动执行器。 2.更具创新性的演变考虑了发射器的新架构，例如基于大型通用核的模块化发射器，按需添加带式助推器的基本发射器或使用大型Liquid Booster。描述了这种配置的详细分析，其中考虑了重型LOX /甲烷液体助推器。 3.最后一系列替代方法探讨了仅执行一次有效载荷发射而不是当前使用的双重发射策略的兴趣。分析了基于固体推进剂阶段的最有前途的版本。通过众多替代研究证明的2010年Ariane计划在任务成本，性能和开发效率方面如今已成为最有前途的计划。

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