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The mental stress of long duration space flights

机译：长时间太空飞行的精神压力

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摘要

Space is an extreme environment. Living in it for long periods creates unique mental and physical challenges that have the capacity to cause stress in humans. Psychologists distinguish between stressors, the stress response, a person's perception of the demands placed on them and their perception of their ability to cope. Stressors are life events which place demands on an individual to change. The stress response is made up of the mental and physical reactions a person experiences in response to a stressor, such as feelings of anxiety and increased heart rate. Mediating between a stressor and the stress response are a person's thoughts. Stress is experienced when an individual perceives a mismatch between the environmental demands placed on them and their coping resources.
机译：空间是一个极端的环境。长期生活在其中会产生独特的精神和身体挑战，这些挑战会给人类带来压力。心理学家区分了压力源，压力反应，一个人对施加压力的需求的感知以及对它们应对能力的感知。压力源是生活事件，它要求个人进行改变。压力反应由一个人对压力源的心理和身体反应（例如焦虑和心跳加快）组成。一个人的想法是在压力源和压力反应之间进行调节。当一个人感觉到对他们的环境要求与其应对资源不匹配时，就会感到压力。

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