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Landmarks on the move: Producing and understanding references to moving landmarks

机译：移动中的地标：生成和理解对移动中的地标的引用

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摘要

There is a general agreement that landmarks in route directions should be perceptually salient and stable objects. Yet, other attributes, such as (animated) motion, can also attract visual attention and make entities salient. In the present study, we investigate if and when speakers refer to moving entities in route directions and how listeners evaluate such instructions. We asked speakers to watch short videos of different crossroads with and without moving landmarks and give directions to listeners, who in turn had to choose a street on which to continue (Experiment 1) or choose the instruction they most preferred among three route directions (Experiment 2). Results reveal that speakers mentioned moving entities, especially when the trajectory was informative for the place where a turn should be taken (Experiment 1). Listeners had no problem understanding instructions with moving landmarks (Experiment 1). Yet, participants chose instructions with stable landmarks more often (Experiment 2). These results are discussed in relation to automatic route directions generation.
机译：人们普遍认为，路线方向上的地标应该是感知上显着且稳定的物体。但是，其他属性（如动画）也可以吸引视觉注意力并使实体突出。在本研究中，我们调查说话者是否以及何时提及沿路线方向移动的实体，以及听众如何评估此类指示。我们要求演讲者观看带有和不带有地标的不同十字路口的简短视频，并为听众提供指导，而听众又不得不选择一条要继续行驶的街道（实验1）或在三个路线方向中选择他们最喜欢的指导（实验） 2）。结果表明，发言者提到了移动的实体，尤其是当轨迹为应该转弯的地方提供信息时（实验1）。听众在理解具有移动标志的指令时没有问题（实验1）。但是，参与者更经常选择具有稳定地标的指令（实验2）。将针对自动路线方向生成来讨论这些结果。

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