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首页> 外文期刊>SPE journal >A Comprehensive Model of High-Rate Matrix-Acid Stimulation for Long Horizontal Wells in Carbonate Reservoirs: Part II—Wellbore/Reservoir Coupled-Flow Modeling and Field Application
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A Comprehensive Model of High-Rate Matrix-Acid Stimulation for Long Horizontal Wells in Carbonate Reservoirs: Part II—Wellbore/Reservoir Coupled-Flow Modeling and Field Application

机译：碳酸盐岩储层长水平井高速率基质酸增产综合模型：第二部分—井筒/储层耦合流模拟与现场应用

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Successful acid stimulation of long-horizontal-well intervals in carbonate reservoirs requires effective acid distribution along the entire reservoir length. Such treatments also require large volumes of acid and seawater/brine injection at sufficiently high injection rates to drive the acid wormholes deep into the reservoir. Under these flowing conditions, significantly large tubing friction loss is anticipated unless optimal friction reducer performance in the tubing is maintained throughout the pumping operation. Because prediction of wormhole penetration and corresponding skin factor depends on analysis of downhole-injection pressures at the reservoir face, it is crucial to properly account for these hydrostatic and friction changes prior to evaluation of wormhole length and skin factor. In this study, an integrated flow model has been developed to predict the wellbore-pressure profile and wormhole distribution by tracking the movement of the acid in the wellbore and the formation. The wellbore-flow model is based on steady-state, ID, pressure-based nodal method. The segmented wellbore in the reservoir interval is then coupled with analytical transient reservoir-flow models. The wormhole propagation in the formation is calculated based on the modified Buijse-Glasbergen correlation and upscaling model developed in our earlier work. The resultant wormholing skin factor is calculated by simulating and updating the changing well injectivity along the entire injection interval at every timestep. The model developed in this work is applicable for both fully completed wells (i.e., radial flow) and selectively completed perforation-cluster wells (i.e., spherical flow) typically employed in carbonate reservoirs. Analysis of injection rates and pressures during acid treatment provides engineers with a way to determine the varying injectivity and tubing friction as stimulation proceeds. The model presented here can be used as a forward model for analyzing real-time treatment rate and pressure histories and can also be used to review past treatments to improve future treatment designs. Using actual field-stimulation data, we also discuss key elements to successful stimulation planning and the diagnosis of matrix-acid treatments to achieve effective wormhole coverage for horizontal completions in carbonate formations.
机译：要在碳酸盐岩储层中长水平井间隔成功地增产酸，就需要沿整个储层长度进行有效的酸分布。这种处理还需要以足够高的注入速率注入大量的酸和海水/盐水，以驱使酸性虫洞深入到储层中。在这些流动条件下，除非在整个泵送过程中保持管道中的最佳减阻器性能，否则预计管道的摩擦损失会很大。由于虫洞渗透率和相应表皮因子的预测取决于对储层工作面井下注入压力的分析，因此在评估虫洞长度和表皮因子之前，适当考虑这些静水压力和摩擦变化至关重要。在这项研究中，通过跟踪酸在井眼和地层中的运动，已经开发出了一种综合的流动模型来预测井眼压力曲线和虫眼分布。井眼流模型基于稳态，内径，基于压力的节点法。然后将储层段中的分段井眼与分析瞬态储层流模型耦合。蠕虫孔在地层中的传播是根据我们先前工作中开发的改进的Buijse-Glasbergen相关性和放大模型计算的。通过模拟并更新每个时间步长上整个注入间隔内变化的井注量，可以计算出产生的虫洞表皮因子。在这项工作中开发的模型适用于通常在碳酸盐岩储层中使用的完全完井（即径向流）和选择性完成的射孔团簇井（即球形流）。分析酸处理过程中的注入速率和压力为工程师提供了一种方法，可以确定随着刺激的进行而变化的注入量和油管摩擦力。此处介绍的模型可以用作分析实时治疗速率和压力历史记录的正向模型，也可以用于回顾过去的治疗方法以改进未来的治疗设计。利用实际的现场增产数据，我们还将讨论成功进行增产计划和诊断基质-酸处理方法的关键要素，以实现碳酸盐岩地层水平完井的有效虫孔覆盖率。

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