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Structured priors for sparse probability vectors with application to model selection in Markov chains

机译:用于稀疏概率向量的结构化前方,应用于Markov链中的模型选择

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We develop two prior distributions for probability vectors which, in contrast to the popular Dirichlet distribution, retain sparsity properties in the presence of data. Our models are appropriate for count data with many categories, most of which are expected to have negligible probability. Both models are tractable, allowing for efficient posterior sampling and marginalization. Consequently, they can replace the Dirichlet prior in hierarchical models without sacrificing convenient Gibbs sampling schemes. We derive both models and demonstrate their properties. We then illustrate their use for model-based selection with a hierarchical model in which we infer the active lag from time-series data. Using a squared-error loss, we demonstrate the utility of the models for data simulated from a nearly deterministic dynamical system. We also apply the prior models to an ecological time series of Chinook salmon abundance, demonstrating their ability to extract insights into the lag dependence.
机译:我们开发了两个以前的概率向量分布,与流行的Dirichlet分布相反,在存在数据存在下保持稀疏性质。我们的模型适用于具有许多类别的计数数据,其中大部分预计将具有可忽略的概率。两种型号都是易行的,允许有效的后验样和边缘化。因此,它们可以在分层模型中以前的Dirichlet取代,而不会牺牲方便的Gibbs采样方案。我们派生了两种模型并展示了他们的财产。然后,我们用分层模型说明了基于模型的选择的用途,其中我们从时间序列数据中推断出主动滞后。使用方形错误损失,我们演示了模型的效用,用于从几乎确定的动态系统模拟的数据。我们还将先前的模型应用于奇努克鲑鱼丰富的生态时间系列,展示了他们在滞后依赖中提取洞察力的能力。

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