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The metaphor of epigenesis: Kant, Blumenbach and Herder

机译：表观遗传的隐喻：康德，布鲁门巴赫和赫德

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Over the last few decades, the meaning of the scientific theory of epigenesis and its significance for Kant's critical philosophy have become increasingly central questions. Most recently, scholars have argued that epigenesis is a key factor in the development of Kant's understanding of reason as self grounding and self-generating. Building on this work, our claim is that Kant appealed to not just any epigenetic theory, but specifically Johann Friedrich Blumenbach's account of generation, and that this appeal must be understood not only in terms of self-organization, but also in terms of the demarcation of a specific domain of inquiry: for Blumenbach, the study of life; for Kant, the study of reason. We argue that Kant adopted this specific epigenetic model as a result of his dispute with Herder regarding the independence of reason from nature. Blumenbach's conception of epigenesis and his separation of a domain of the living from the non-living lent Kant the tools to demarcate metaphysics, and to guard reason against Herder's attempts to naturalize it. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：在过去的几十年中，表观遗传学科学理论的含义及其对康德批判哲学的意义已成为日益重要的问题。最近，学者认为表观遗传是康德理解理性为自我基础和自我产生的关键因素。在此工作的基础上，我们的主张是康德不仅呼吁任何表观遗传学理论，而且特别呼吁约翰·弗里德里希·布鲁门巴赫（Johann Friedrich Blumenbach）对世代的论述，并且不仅应从自组织的角度，而且还应从分界的角度来理解这一呼吁特定的研究领域：对布鲁门巴赫（Blumenbach）来说，生活研究；对康德来说，是对理性的研究。我们认为，由于康德（Kant）与赫德（Herder）就理性与自然的独立性提出争议，因此采用了这种特定的表观遗传模型。布鲁门巴赫（Blumenbach）的表观遗传学概念，以及他将生活领域与非生命领域分开的借给康德（Kant），这些工具划定了形而上学的分界线，并保护理性免受赫德（Herder）将其自然化的尝试。 （C）2016由Elsevier Ltd.出版

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