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Natural history and the formation of the human being: Kant on active forces

机译：自然历史和人类的形成：康德在积极的力量

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In his 1785-review of the Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit, Kant objects to Herder's conception of nature as being imbued with active forces. This attack is usually evaluated against the background of Kant's critical project and his epistemological concern to caution against the "meta-physical excess" of attributing immanent properties to matter. In this paper I explore a slightly different reading by investigating Kant's pre-critical account of creation and generation. The aim of this is to show that Kant's struggle with the forces of matter has a long history and revolves around one central problem: that of how to distinguish between the non-purposive forces of nature and the intentional powers of the mind. Given this history, the epistemic stricture that Kant's critical project imposes on him no longer appears to be the primary reason for his attack on Herder. It merely aggravates a problem that Kant has been battling with since his earliest writings. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：康德（Kant）在1785年对《哲学思想论》的评论中，反对赫德关于自然的观念，认为自然界充满了活跃的力量。通常在康德的关键项目和他的认识论关注的背景下对这种攻击进行评估，以警告不要将内在属性归因于物质的“超自然的物理过剩”。在本文中，我将通过研究康德对批判性创造和生成的论述来探索稍有不同的读物。这样做的目的是表明康德与物质力量的斗争源远流长，围绕着一个中心问题：即如何区分自然的非目的性力量与精神的有意力量。鉴于这段历史，康德的批判性项目强加于他的认知狭窄似乎不再是他袭击赫德的主要原因。自康德最早的著作以来，它一直困扰着一个问题。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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