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Making the abstract concrete: The role of norms and values in experimental modeling

机译：使抽象具体化：规范和价值观在实验建模中的作用

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摘要

Experimental modeling is the construction of theoretical models hand in hand with experimental activity. As explained in Section 1, experimental modeling starts with claims about phenomena that use abstract concepts, concepts whose conditions of realization are not yet specified; and it ends with a concrete model of the phenomenon, a model that can be tested against data. This paper argues that this process from abstract concepts to concrete models involves judgments of relevance, which are irreducibly normative. In Section 2, we show, on the basis of several case studies, how these judgments contribute to the determination of the conditions of realization of the abstract concepts and, at the same time, of the quantities that characterize the phenomenon under study. Then, in Section 3, we compare this view on modeling with other approaches that also have acknowledged the role of relevance judgments in science. To conclude, in Section 4, we discuss the possibility of a plurality of relevance judgments and introduce a distinction between locally and generally relevant factors.
机译：实验建模是与实验活动紧密联系的理论模型的构建。如第1节所述，实验建模始于关于使用抽象概念的现象的主张，这些抽象概念的实现条件尚未明确；它以现象的具体模型结尾，可以对数据进行测试。本文认为，从抽象概念到具体模型的这一过程涉及相关性的判断，这是不可简化的规范。在第2节中，我们将基于几个案例研究，说明这些判断如何有助于确定抽象概念的实现条件，同时又有助于确定所研究现象的特征量。然后，在第3节中，我们将这种关于建模的观点与也承认了相关性判断在科学中的作用的其他方法进行了比较。总而言之，在第4节中，我们讨论了多个相关性判断的可能性，并介绍了本地因素和一般相关因素之间的区别。

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