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Is Biotechnology The New Alchemy?

机译：生物技术是新的炼金术吗？

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In this article I examine similarities between the science and ethics of biotechnology.on the one hand, and those of alchemy on the other, and show that the understanding of nature and naturalness upon which many contemporary ethical responses to biotechnology are predicated is, in fact, significantly similar to the understanding of nature that was the foundation of the practice of alchemy. In doing so I demonstrate that the ethical issues and social responses that are currently arising from advances in the field of biotechnology are interestingly similar to those that arose in reaction to the practice and prevalence of alchemy from its inception in Europe in the mid-twelfth century until at least the early modern period. I argue that a proper conception of the ethical issues and a sensible interpretation of the power and the promise of the science of biotechnology are most likely if we understand such attitudes to nature, and to the ethical issues surrounding technological and scientific developments, in terms of an historical and cultural continuum. That is, we should regard biotechnology as merely the latest in a string of technological and scientific developments rather than, as is often alleged, as something entirely new, requiring its own special ethical response. Finally, 1 suggest that examining the parallels between the ethical issues generated by alchemy and by biotechnology show us that such issues are best situated and discussed within a framework of virtue ethics, as it allows us to think seriously about the relationship between art and nature and the proper role of humans in relation to their technology.
机译：在本文中，我一方面考察了生物技术的科学与道德之间的相似性，另一方面考察了炼金术的科学与道德之间的相似性，并表明，事实上对自然和自然性的理解是基于许多当代对生物技术的伦理反应所基于的，与对炼金术实践的基础自然的理解非常相似。通过这样做，我证明了由于生物技术领域的发展而引起的伦理问题和社会对策，与在十二世纪中叶欧洲开始的炼金术的实践和盛行产生的反应有趣地相似。直到至少早期。我认为，如果我们理解自然界以及围绕技术和科学发展的伦理问题的态度，那么对伦理问题的正确概念以及对生物技术科学的力量和希望的合理解释是最有可能的。历史和文化的连续体。也就是说，我们应该将生物技术仅仅视为一连串技术和科学发展中的最新技术，而不是像通常所说的那样，将其视为一种全新的事物，这需要其自身特殊的道德回应。最后，1建议，研究炼金术和生物技术所产生的伦理问题之间的相似之处，表明我们在美德伦理学的框架内对这些问题进行了最佳定位和讨论，因为它使我们能够认真思考艺术与自然之间的关系。人类在技术上的适当角色。

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