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Process Modeling: A Systems Engineering Tool for Analyzing Complex Systems

机译：流程建模：用于分析复杂系统的系统工程工具

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摘要

This paper presents a method for performing architectural analyses of complex systems-of-systems using process modeling. A process is a series of actions undertaken by a system-of-systems to produce one or more end results, typically products and services. The method applies to systems-of systems whose effectiveness and performance depend strongly on process timelines, such as distributed information systems, logistics systems, and manufacturing and distribution systems. A fundamental tool in this method is the development of a unified modeling language (UML) related view of the system-of-system processes of interest and the subsequent conversion of the UML related view into an end-to-end system-of-sys-tems executable object-oriented simulation model. This method is illustrated by applying process modeling and simulation to analysis of a military systems-of-systems, an expeditionary warfare system envisioned for the 2015-2020 time frame. Expeditionary warfare is the operation of an armed force in an area far from a supportable home base and supported by temporarily established means. The U.S. military has conducted expeditionary warfare in the past by building up forces, equipment, and supplies at a beachhead before moving on to an objective. There is current interest in the U.S. military to shift from the concept of establishing a beachhead and then movement to an objective to a concept of sea-based launching and supporting forces and sea-to-objective maneuver for fighting forces. A fundamental tool in this analysis is an end-to-end object-oriented simulation model emulating the full implementation of these force architectures and design factors as well as accounting for the impact of varying levels of operational intensity, attrition of personnel and transport vehicles, weather, mining sea lanes, transport vehicle operating and availability constraints, landing spot constraints, and transit and communications delays. This paper focuses on the framework of the simulation model and its most significant findings as applied to expeditionary warfare concepts as an example of the application of process modeling to architectural analyses of complex systems-of-systems.
机译：本文提出了一种使用流程建模对复杂系统进行架构分析的方法。流程是由系统的系统采取的一系列操作，以产生一个或多个最终结果，通常是产品和服务。该方法适用于系统和系统的有效性和性能在很大程度上取决于流程的时间表，例如分布式信息系统，物流系统以及制造和分配系统。此方法的基本工具是开发感兴趣的系统系统过程的统一建模语言（UML）相关视图，并将UML相关视图随后转换为端对端系统-tems可执行的面向对象的仿真模型。通过将过程建模和仿真应用于军事系统分析，对这种系统进行了说明，该系统是针对2015-2020年时间框架的远征作战系统。远征战争是武装部队在远离可支持的本国基地并由临时建立的手段支持的地区进行的行动。过去，美国军方通过在滩头建立部队，装备和物资进行远征战争，然后再继续前进至目标。美国军方当前的兴趣是从建立滩头堡然后转移到目标的概念转变为以海为基础的发射和支援部队以及以海为目标的战斗部队机动的概念。此分析的基本工具是端到端的面向对象的仿真模型，该模型可以仿真这些力架构和设计因素的完整实施，并考虑到不同程度的操作强度，人员和运输车辆的损耗所产生的影响，天气，采矿海道，运输车辆的运行和可用性限制，着陆点限制以及运输和通信延迟。本文重点介绍了仿真模型的框架及其在远征战争概念中最重要的发现，以过程建模在复杂系统体系结构分析中的应用为例。

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