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Technology roadmapping―A planning framework for evolution and revolution

机译：技术路线图-演进和革命的规划框架

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Technology roadmapping is a flexible technique that is widely used within industry to support strategic and long-range planning. The approach provides a structured (and often graphical) means for exploring and communicating the relationships between evolving and developing markets, products and technologies over time. It is proposed that the roadmapping technique can help companies survive in turbulent environments by providing a focus for scanning the environment and a means of tracking the performance of individual, including potentially disruptive, technologies. Technology roadmaps are deceptively simple in terms of format, but their development poses significant challenges. In particular the scope is generally broad, covering a number of complex conceptual and human interactions. This paper provides an overview of the origins of technology roadmapping, by means of a brief review of the technology and knowledge management foundations of the technique in the context of the fields of technology strategy and technology transitions. The rapidly increasing literature on roadmapping itself is presented in terms of a taxonomy for classifying roadmaps, in terms of both organizational purpose and graphical format. This illustrates the flexibility of the approach but highlights a key gap? a robust process for technology roadmapping. A fast-start method for technology roadmapping developed by the authors is introduced and described. Developed in collaboration with industry, this method provides a means for improved understanding of the architecture of roadmaps and for rapidly initiating roadmapping in a variety of organizational contexts. This paper considers the use of the roadmaps from two main perspectives. The first is a company perspective: roadmaps that allow technology developments to be integrated with business planning, and the impact of new technologies and market developments to be assessed. The second perspective is multiorganizational: roadmaps that seek to capture the environmental landscape, threats and opportunities for a particular group of stakeholders in a technology or application area. Two short illustrative cases show the fast-start method in use in the context of disruptive technological trends from these two perspectives.
机译：技术路线图是一种灵活的技术，已在行业内广泛使用，以支持战略和长期计划。该方法提供了一种结构化（通常是图形化）的方法，用于探索和交流随着时间的推移不断发展和发展的市场，产品和技术之间的关系。有人提出，映射技术可以通过提供重点扫描环境和跟踪个人绩效的手段（包括潜在破坏性技术）来帮助公司在动荡的环境中生存。技术路线图在格式上看似简单，但其发展提出了巨大的挑战。特别是，范围通常很广，涵盖了许多复杂的概念和人类交互。本文通过简要回顾技术战略和技术转型领域的背景下的技术和知识管理基础，概述了技术路线图的起源。关于路线图本身的文献数量迅速增加，并从组织目的和图形格式两个方面对分类路线图进行了分类。这说明了该方法的灵活性，但突出了关键的差距吗？技术路线图的强大过程。介绍并描述了作者开发的一种快速启动的技术路线图方法。与行业合作开发的此方法提供了一种方法，可以增进对路线图体系结构的了解，并可以在各种组织环境中快速启动路线图。本文从两个主要角度考虑了路线图的使用。首先是公司的观点：制定路线图，使技术发展与业务计划整合在一起，并评估新技术和市场发展的影响。第二个观点是多组织的：旨在捕捉技术或应用领域中特定利益相关者群体的环境景观，威胁和机遇的路线图。从这两个角度来看，两个简短的说明性案例显示了在破坏性技术趋势的背景下使用的快速启动方法。

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