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International university-university technology transfer: Strategic management framework

机译：国际大学技术转让：战略管理框架

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摘要

International technology transfer between universities is an emerging phenomenon and contributes to the socio-economic development of regions and countries. Technology transfer concerns transactions or long-term collaborations between acquirers and suppliers of technology. Based on strategic management theory, this study constructs a framework on the international technology transfer between universities. We theorize on the entry mode and pathway towards collaboration and apply the theoretical constructs to the cases of China and the Western economies, i.e., Europe and the US. By comparing the Chinese and Western perspective, we observe different entry modes and pathways of international university-university technology transfer. With regard to entry mode, the dominant Chinese perspective is to enter international technology transfer collaborations formally and with substantial resource commitments, while the dominant Westem perspective suggests a more informal entry mode without the creation of a new entity. The Chinese pathway of international university-university collaborations on technology transfer is based on generating mutual confidence through formal arrangements and on replacing formal safeguards by informal arrangement as the collaboration matures, while the Western perspective suggests formalizing collaborations through a greater commitment of resources, which reduces managerial problems and allows collaborative learning.
机译：大学之间的国际技术转让是一种新兴现象，并为地区和国家的社会经济发展做出了贡献。技术转让涉及技术获取者和供应商之间的交易或长期合作。本研究基于战略管理理论，构建了大学之间国际技术转移的框架。我们对进入模式和通向合作的途径进行了理论分析，并将理论构造应用于中国和西方经济体，例如欧洲和美国。通过比较中西方的观点，我们观察到国际大学技术转移的不同进入模式和途径。关于进入模式，中国占主导地位的观点是正式并有大量资源投入进入国际技术转让合作，而西方国家占主导地位的观点则是在不创建新实体的情况下采取了更为非正式的进入模式。国际大学与大学之间在技术转让方面进行合作的中国途径是基于通过正式安排产生互信，并随着合作的成熟而以非正式安排取代正式的保障措施，而西方的观点则建议通过加大资源投入来使合作正式化，这减少了管理问题，并允许协作学习。

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