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首页> 外文期刊>Technological forecasting and social change >Distance from the technology frontier: How could Africa catch-up via socio-institutional factors and human capital?
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Distance from the technology frontier: How could Africa catch-up via socio-institutional factors and human capital?

机译：从技术前沿的距离：非洲如何通过社会制度因素和人力资本追赶？

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摘要

Drawing on stylized evidences on emerging economies and Sub-Saharan Africa, we ask: why some countries lag while some are fast in catching-up? By considering a tripartite grouping-advanced North, dynamic emerging Southern engines of growth, and laggards in Sub-Saharan Africa-this paper (i) uses the metafrontier approach for measuring the technology gap between the African nations and emerging economies, and (ii) tests the relationship between the technology gap, educational quality, trade openness, and foreign direct investment. We show that knowledge capabilities backed by human development, access to new technology, capacity to absorb new technologies are essential for development success. On the other hand, Africa's poor infrastructure, relatively poor business environment, and lack of human development are the most significant barriers to technology catch-up. Results show that globalization is not merely the means of opening new markets but for achieving higher productivity through technology transfers. Moreover, improved macroeconomic policies and sustained reform, as well as human capital, stronger governance and better investment climate are needed for accelerating the technology catch-up, and to put the African economies on a path to sustainable growth.
机译：借鉴新兴经济体和撒哈拉以南非洲的程式化证据，我们问：为什么有些国家延迟，而有些国家在追赶时迅速？通过考虑三方分组 - 先进的北方，动态新兴的增长南部发动机，以及撒哈拉以南非洲的滞后 - 本文（i）采用Metafr之间的方法来衡量非洲国家和新兴经济体之间的技术差距，以及（ii）测试技术差距，教育质量，贸易开放和外国直接投资之间的关系。我们展示人类发展支持的知识能力，获得新技术，吸收新技术的能力对于发展成功至关重要。另一方面，非洲的基础设施差，商业环境较差，缺乏人类发展是技术追赶最重要的障碍。结果表明，全球化不仅仅是开设新市场的手段，而是通过技术转移实现更高的生产力。此外，需要改善宏观经济政策和持续改革，以及人力资本，更强大的治理和更好的投资气候，以加速技术追赶，并将非洲经济放在可持续增长的道路上。

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