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Protecting Strategic Knowledge: Insights from Collaborative Agreements in the Aerospace Sector

机译：保护战略知识：航空航天领域合作协议的见解

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摘要

This paper explores the dilemma that firms face with respect to knowledge sharing in strategic alliances. On the one hand, alliance success is associated with high levels of interaction and co-operation between partners. On the other hand, full and open co-operation exposes a firm's distinctive knowledge and skills and makes it vulnerable to opportunistic moves by alliance partners. Hence firms experience a fundamental paradox: to gain the greatest benefits they must exchange information and knowledge with external parties yet, at the same time, they must protect themselves against knowledge appropriation. This dilemma is particularly acute in the aerospace sector where political imperatives strongly influence partner choice and collaborators are often strong rivals in other contexts. In this paper we use data drawn from four collaborative agreements in the aerospace sector to explore the ways in which a focal firm has sought to protect its strategic knowledge and manage knowledge flows in alliance relationships. We find that existing theoretical lenses provide valuable but partial insights into the question of knowledge appropriation in alliances and offer limited guidance to managers charged with making alliances work. We suggest that some rich insights can be gained by focusing on the overlaps and interstices between existing theories and that greater exploration of the everyday working practices in alliances may offer a useful starting point for improved theorising.
机译：本文探讨了战略联盟中企业在知识共享方面面临的困境。一方面，联盟的成功与伙伴之间的高度互动和合作有关。另一方面，充分和开放的合作会暴露公司的独特知识和技能，使其容易受到联盟合作伙伴的机会主义举动的影响。因此，公司经历了一个基本的悖论：要获得最大的利益，他们必须与外部各方交换信息和知识，同时，他们必须保护自己免受知识侵害。这种困境在航空航天领域尤为严重，因为政治迫切需要强烈地影响合作伙伴的选择，而合作者在其他情况下通常是强有力的竞争对手。在本文中，我们使用从航空航天领域的四个合作协议中获得的数据来探索一家重点公司寻求保护其战略知识并管理联盟关系中的知识流的方式。我们发现，现有的理论视角为联盟中的知识占用问题提供了宝贵而部分的见解，并且对负责使联盟起作用的管理人员提供了有限的指导。我们建议，通过关注现有理论之间的重叠和交叉，可以获得一些丰富的见识，并且对联盟中日常工作实践的更多探索可能会为改进理论提供一个有用的起点。

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