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The Next Genome Project

机译:下一个基因组计划

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摘要

The human genome project—molecular biology's international extravaganza that seeks to decode all of humankind's estimated 100,000 genes—is on track to be completed in 2005. Researchers know that each of those genes contains a precise molecular script for making a different protein. But after spending several billion dollars on the Genome Project over a decade and a half, scientists will simply have gathered the cast of characters for another fundamental mystery: What in the heck do all these proteins do? On biology's stage, proteins are the leading players—as well as the producers and directors. Acting alone and in groups, proteins do just about everything in a cell, from shuttling urgent messages to controlling the cycle of growth and death. It's the role of proteins that scientists need to know to unravel the secrets of life— and to develop potent new drugs. In fact, in one sense the Human Genome Project and its counterparts for other organisms, such as flies, worms, viruses, and bacteria, are simply precursors of a great Human Protein Project. Yet the efforts to decode the genes of less complex creatures are bringing advance notice of just how poorly lit the world of proteins really is.
机译:人类基因组计划是分子生物学的国际盛会,旨在解码人类估计的全部100,000个基因,该计划有望在2005年完成。研究人员知道,这些基因中的每一个都包含一个精确的分子脚本,可以制造出不同的蛋白质。但是在十年半的时间里,在基因组计划上花费了数十亿美元之后,科学家们只是简单地收集了人物角色的另一个基本谜团:所有这些蛋白质到底在做什么?在生物学的舞台上,蛋白质是主要的参与者—生产者和导演。蛋白质单独或成组地起作用,几乎作用于细胞中的所有事情,从传递紧急信息到控制生长和死亡的周期。科学家需要了解蛋白质的作用,以揭示生命的秘密,并开发出有效的新药。实际上,从某种意义上说,人类基因组计划及其与其他生物(例如蝇,蠕虫,病毒和细菌)的对应物仅仅是人类蛋白质计划的先驱。然而,对不那么复杂的生物的基因进行解码的努力使人们提前意识到了蛋白质世界的照明程度。

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