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Increasing low-income broadband adoption through private incentives

机译：通过私人奖励提高低收入宽带采用

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We evaluate a program by a private Internet Service Provider (ISP) intended to encourage lowincome households to subscribe to broadband internet service. As part of its approval of the Comcast-NBCU merger in 2011, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) mandated a "voluntary commitment" by Comcast to introduce a low-income broadband program that Comcast has branded "Internet Essentials (IE)." We use data from the U.S. Census Current Population Survey (CPS) and the National Broadband Map and a differences-in-differences approach to evaluate the program's effects on subscription rates for eligible households.We find that between 2011, when the program began, and 2015, broadband adoption by eligible households-those with school-age children who were eligible for free or reduced-price school lunches-had increased by more among households that lived in areas in which Comcast provided broadband internet service than among households that lived in areas served by other cable providers.In our difference-in-differences approach, we estimate that about 66 percent of IE subscribers represent true increases in low-income adoption as a result of the program, with the remaining subscribers being households that switched from a competitor and households that would have subscribed as part of a general upward trend in adoption.We find that CPS survey respondents in IE eligible households had small and insignificant increases their likelihood of taking online courses or job training in Comcast territory relative to similar households residing in the territories of other cable providers and they showed no difference in the propensity to apply for jobs online. These results provide no evidence to support internet literacy training.We also did not find robust effects of some of the program's other components. In particular, IE makes computers available for $150, but we found no difference in the change in low-income computer ownership across cable territories. As a result, it would be hard to conclude that subsidized computers made a difference in broadband subscription despite the visceral appeal of such programs.
机译：我们通过私人互联网服务提供商（ISP）评估一个计划，旨在鼓励LogIncome户提供宽带互联网服务。作为2011年康卡斯特NBCU合并批准的一部分，联邦通信委员会（FCC）由Comcast授权“自愿承诺”，宣布介绍康卡斯特品牌“互联网必需品（即）”的低收入宽带计划。我们使用来自美国人口普查现有人口调查（CPS）和国家宽带地图的数据以及差异差异的方法，以评估计划对符合条件的家庭的订阅费率的影响。我们在2011年期间，该计划开始时，并开始2015年，符合条件的家庭 - 有资格的家庭的宽带通过 - 有资格获得免费或降价的学龄儿童 - 在康卡斯特提供宽带互联网服务的地区的家庭中增加了更多的家庭，这些家庭在宽带互联网服务方面比住在地区的家庭由其他有线电视提供商服务。在差异方面的差异方面，我们估计大约66％的IE用户因计划而言，大约66％的IE用户代表了低收入收养的真正增加，其余的订阅者是从竞争对手转换的家庭作为通过的一般上升趋势的一部分所订阅的家庭。我们发现CPS调查受访者IE合格的家庭HA D小而微不足道的可能性增加了在康卡斯特州的在线课程或职业培训相对于居住在其他有线电视提供商领土的类似家庭以及在线申请工作的倾向显示没有差异。这些结果不提供支持互联网扫盲培训的证据。我们也没有找到一些程序的其他组件的强大效果。特别是，即使电脑可用150美元，但我们发现有线电视领域的低收入计算机所有权的变化没有差异。结果，尽管这些程序的内脏吸引力，补贴计算机仍然存在宽带订阅的差异。

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