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Nanotechnology in textiles

机译：纺织品纳米技术

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Nanotechnology is an emerging field of research and development dedicated to increasing control over material structures of nanometre size (0.1 to 100nm). The prefix "nano" from a Greek word meaning "dwarf denotes a one billionth part. A nanometer is equal to one billionth of a meter (10~(-9) m). In comparison the limit of visibility for the unaided human eye is around 10~4 m. Nano-objects (1 to 100 nanometres) are therefore intermediate in size between molecules and bulk materials. Nanotechnology, according to the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI), is defined as utilisation of structures with at least one dimension of nanometre size for the construction of materials, devices or systems with novel or significantly improved properties due to their nano-size. Applications include solid-state, bio-, chemical and measurement technologies that converge "top-down" and "bottom-up" to the nanoscale. The concept of nanotechnology is however not new, having been adopted by Taniguchi in 1974 when he defined the critical dimensions and tolerances in technology. Hence nanotechnology is part of the evolution of machining accuracy, with no differences from traditional fields of science or engineering except in size. Today nanotechnology consists of four major fields: nanoelectronics, nanomaterials, molecular nanotechnology and nanoscale-resolution microscopy.
机译：纳米技术是一个新兴的研究与开发领域，致力于提高对纳米尺寸（0.1至100nm）材料结构的控制。希腊语中的前缀“ nano”表示“矮人表示十亿分之一。纳米等于十亿分之一米（10〜（-9）m）。相比之下，肉眼可见的极限是大约10到4 m，因此纳米物体（1到100纳米）的大小介于分子和块状材料之间，根据国家纳米技术计划（NNI）的定义，纳米技术被定义为利用至少一个维度的结构纳米尺寸，用于由于其纳米尺寸而具有新颖或显着改善的性能的材料，设备或系统的构造，其应用包括固态，生物，化学和测量技术，这些技术融合了“自上而下”和“自下而上”的特性但是，纳米技术的概念并不是一个新概念，它在1974年由谷口（Taniguchi）提出，当时他定义了技术的关键尺寸和公差，因此纳米技术是加工精度发展的一部分，没有任何区别。传统的科学或工程领域，规模除外。如今，纳米技术包括四个主要领域：纳米电子学，纳米材料，分子纳米技术和纳米级分辨率显微镜。

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