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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Ethics >Metaethical Internalism: Another Neglected Distinction
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Metaethical Internalism: Another Neglected Distinction

机译：元伦理内部主义：另一个被忽视的区别

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‘Internalism’ is used in metaethics for a cluster of claims which bear a family resemblance. They tend to link, in some distinctive way—typically modal, mereological, or causal—different parts of the normative realm, or the normative and the psychological. The thesis of this paper is that much metaethical mischief has resulted from philosophers’ neglect of the distinction between two different features of such claims. The first is the modality of the entire claim. The second is the relation between the items specified in the claim. In part one I explain this distinction and the problems neglecting it may cause. In part two I show that it has been neglected, and has caused those problems, at least with respect to one version of internalism. That is judgment internalism, which claims that moral beliefs are necessarily related to pro- or con-attitudes; e.g., that if you believe you ought to x you must have some motivation to x. The considerations standardly adduced in favor of judgment internalism support only a version which lacks the metaethical implications typically attributed to it, at least so far as anyone has shown. Proponents and opponents of judgment internalism fail to realize this because of their neglect of the modality/relation distinction. I illustrate by considering discussions of judgment internalism by Russ Shafer-Landau, Simon Blackburn, James Dreier, David Brink, and others.
机译：在内部伦理学中，“内部主义”用于一系列与家庭相似的主张。它们倾向于以某种独特的方式（通常是模态，单调或因果关系）将规范领域，规范和心理的不同部分联系起来。本文的论点是，许多超伦理的恶作剧是由于哲学家对这种主张的两个不同特征之间的区别的忽视而引起的。首先是整个索赔的形式。第二个是索赔中指定的项目之间的关系。在第一部分中，我解释了这种区别以及忽略它可能引起的问题。在第二部分中，我表明至少在一种内部主义形式上，它已被忽略并引起了这些问题。那就是判断内在主义，它声称道德信仰必然与亲或态度有关；例如，如果您认为应该x，则必须对x有一定的动力。标准上支持判断内在主义的考虑因素仅支持一种缺乏通常归因于它的形而上学含义的版本，至少到目前为止，没有人显示过。判断内在主义的支持者和反对者由于忽略了情态/关系区别而未能意识到这一点。我通过考虑Russ Shafer-Landau，Simon Blackburn，James Dreier，David Brink等人对判决内在主义的讨论来说明。

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