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首页> 外文期刊>The Kasetsart Journal >Changes of Plant Nutrients Concentration in Soils and Trees of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) during the Fruit Development
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Changes of Plant Nutrients Concentration in Soils and Trees of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) during the Fruit Development

机译：山竹果实发育过程中土壤和树木中植物养分含量的变化。

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摘要

Translucent flesh disorder (TFD) and gamboge disorder (GD) are major problems limiting marketable yield of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L) in Thailand. The imbalance or deficiency of essential nutrients in soils and plants may cause poor fruit quality. To classify this issues, the pattern of plant nutrient accumulation and nutrient requirement in soils and mangosteen trees during fruit development period were investigated. An experiment was established in a mangosteen orchard with 2 main factors: 1) Fruit positions in the canopy of mangosteen trees (outer and inner canopy fruits) and 2) concentration of plant nutrients in soils and trees. Soil sampling was taken at 2 depths; 0-15 and 15-30 cm from soil surface, around the middle of the tree canopy in blooming and harvesting periods and analyzed for some important chemical and physical properties. Leaves and fruits sampling were taken during fruit development period, every 2 weeks from blooming to harvesting, and analyzed in relation to the changes of soil nutrients. Results indicated that the soil textures varied from sandy loam to sandy clay loam, and the natural soils in the mangosteen orchard was very extremely acid to moderately acid (pH 4.86-5.61, soil: water = 1:5). Most of the soils in the mangosteen orchard had very low level essential nutrients for plant growth. Mangosteen fruit qualities were not significantly different between the outer and inner canopy fruits. Likewise, most of the plant nutrients accumulation in mangosteen leaf, peel and flesh were not significantly different between two fruit positions. It was remarkable that nutrient accumulation in the fruit decreased from blooming to harvesting period. Mangosteen (leaf, peel and flesh) required higher amounts of N, P, K, Ca and Mg for growth in the early stage of fruit development period (from bloom to 6th week after bloom) and S and B in the late stage of fruit development period (from 6th week after bloom) compared with other growth periods. Potassium and Ca contents in the peel of normal fruits (NF) were higher than TFD and GD fruits, whereas P and Mg contents in the flesh of TFD fruits were higher than NF and GD fruits.
机译：半透明果肉病（TFD）和甘博氏病（GD）是限制山竹（Garcinia mangostana L）在泰国销售的主要问题。土壤和植物中必需营养素的失衡或缺乏可能会导致果实品质差。为了对此问题进行分类，研究了果实发育期间土壤和山竹树中植物养分积累的模式和养分需求。在山竹果园中建立了一个有两个主要因素的实验：1）山竹树冠层中的果实位置（外层冠层和内部冠层果实）和2）土壤和树木中植物养分的浓度。在两个深度进行土壤采样；在开花和收获期，距树冠中部约0-15和15-30 cm的土壤表面，并分析了一些重要的化学和物理性质。从开花到收获的每两周，在果实发育期间进行叶片和果实采样，并与土壤养分的变化进行分析。结果表明，土壤质地从砂壤土到砂质壤土，山竹果园的天然土壤具有极强的酸性至中等酸性（pH 4.86-5.61，土壤：水= 1：5）。山竹果园的大多数土壤中植物生长所需的必需养分含量非常低。山竹果实的内部和外部冠层果实之间的品质没有显着差异。同样，在两个水果位置之间，山竹叶，果皮和果肉中大部分植物养分的积累也没有显着差异。值得注意的是，从开花到收获期，水果中的养分积累开始减少。山竹（叶，果皮和果肉）需要更多的N，P，K，Ca和Mg才能在果实发育早期（从开花到开花后第6周）生长，而在果实的后期则需要S和B发育期（从开花后第6周开始）与其他生长期相比。正常果实果皮中钾和钙的含量高于TFD和GD果实，而TFD果实果肉中的P和Mg含量高于NF和GD果实。

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