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首页> 外文期刊>The Kasetsart Journal >Relative Influence of Tillage, Fertilizer, and Weed Management on Weed Associations in Wheat Cropping Systems of Ethiopian Highlands
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Relative Influence of Tillage, Fertilizer, and Weed Management on Weed Associations in Wheat Cropping Systems of Ethiopian Highlands

机译：耕作，化肥和杂草处理对埃塞俄比亚高地小麦种植系统中杂草协会的相对影响

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摘要

Field experiment was conducted at Ambo Plant Protection Research Center of western Ethiopia during 2002 and 2003 to determine the combined effects of tillage, fertilizer and weed management on weed population dynamics in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) field. The results indicated that tillage, fertilizer and weed management systems had a significant effect on weed population dynamics. The total amount of weed density tended to increase in no tillage than conventional tillage or moldboard plow in both years. The magnitude change was ranged from two to four folds when comparing densities in no tillage with others. Among the dominant weeds Polygonum nepalense, Sonchus arvensis, Galinsoga parviflora, Plantago lanceolata, Setaria spp., Echinocloa colona. and Phalaris paradoxa, were significantly reduced in density by moldboard plowing relative to other tillage systems. Tillage had a significant effect on yield in both 2002 and 2003 cropping season. Tank mixture of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and fluroxypyr +MCPA resulted in a significant reduction of total weed number and increased wheat yield by 40% followed by hand weeding twice. Application of fertilizer increased total broad leaf and grass weed biomass significantly. Fertilizer is more important than tillage in affecting yields and yield components. It improved grain yield up to 48% over the untreated control in both years. Weeding without fertilizer did not affect grain yield. Weeding and fertilizer significantly increased grain yield. The interactions between tillage and fertilizer for total broad leaf weed biomass, grass and broad leaf weed densities were significant. Fertilizer and weed management interaction affects total broad leaf weed density. As far as plant height, grain yield and 1000-kernel weight of wheat are concerned tillage by fertilizer interaction was significant.
机译：2002年至2003年在埃塞俄比亚西部的安博植物保护研究中心进行了田间试验，以确定耕作，化肥和杂草处理对面包小麦田间杂草种群动态的综合影响。结果表明，耕作，肥料和杂草管理系统对杂草种群动态有显着影响。在这两年中，不耕作的杂草密度总量倾向于比传统耕作或mold土犁增加。比较免耕密度与其他耕种密度时，幅度变化范围为二至四倍。在优势杂草中，何首乌（Negonense），广Son香（Sonchus arvensis），细小Galinsoga parviflora，车前草（Pagoago lanceolata），狗尾草（Setaria spp。），E虫（Echinocloa Colona）。相对于其他耕作系统，通过mold草翻耕，密度和Ph草的密度显着降低。在2002年和2003年的种植季节，耕作对产量都有重要影响。 fenoxaprop-P-ethyl和氟草烟+ MCPA的罐混物导致总杂草数量显着减少，小麦产量增加40％，然后进行手工除草两次。施肥显着增加了阔叶和禾本科杂草的生物量。在影响产量和产量组成方面，肥料比耕作更为重要。两年中，与未处理的对照相比，它的谷物产量提高了48％。不施肥除草不影响谷物产量。除草和肥料大大提高了谷物产量。耕作与肥料之间的相互作用对阔叶杂草总生物量，草和阔叶杂草密度均具有重要影响。肥料和杂草管理的相互作用会影响整个阔叶杂草的密度。就小麦的株高，籽粒产量和1000粒重而言，通过肥料相互作用的耕作意义重大。

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